Table 1 Overview of included studies and results of ICS II in an animal model of acute ischemic stroke
Study (years) Language | Species | Model and duration | Treatment | Effects | Functional outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gao et al. (2019) English | Sprague–Dawley rats, male | MCAO, 2 h | 4, 8, and 16 mg/kg, twice a day from Day 1 to Day 7 | ↑Memory; ↓Autophagy | Stroke volume; Brain water content |
Deng et al. (2016) English | Sprague–Dawley rats, male | MCAO, 2 h | 10 and 30 mg/kg, twice a day for 3 consecutive days pretreatment | ↓Inflammation; ↓Apoptosis | Stroke volume |
Liu et al. (2020) English | Sprague–Dawley rats, male | MCAO, 2 h | 16 mg/kg twice a day for 3 days | ↓Apoptosis; ↓BBB; ↓Neuronal injury | Stroke volume |
Yan et al. (2014) English | Mongolian gerbils, male | MCAO, 30 min | 20 mg/kg at 2 h before ischemia, and 6, 24, 48, 70 h after the beginning of reperfusion | ↓Apoptosis; ↓Oxidative stress; ↓Neuronal injury | Cerebral bloodflow |
Ma et al. (2021) Chinese | C57BL/6 mice, male | MCAO, 2 h | 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg twice a day for 7 days pretreatment | ↓Oxidative stress | Stroke volume; Cerebral bloodflow |
Deng et al. (2019) Chinese | Sprague–Dawley rats, male | BCCAO | 4, 8, and 16 mg/kg for 28 days | ↑Memory |  |
Long et al. (2018) Chinese | Sprague–Dawley rats, male | MCAO, 2 h | 4, 8,and 16 mg/kg twice a day for 3 consecutive days | ↓Oxidative stress; ↓Autophagy | Stroke volume; Brain water content |
Long et al. (2017) Chinese | Sprague–Dawley rats, male | MCAO, 2 h | 4, 8, and 16 mg/kg for 3 days | ↓Oxidative stress | Stroke volume; Brain water content |
Li et al. (2019) English | Sprague–Dawley rats, male | MCAO, 2 h | 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg for 1 day | ↓Oxidative stress | Stroke volume; Brain water content |
Gao et al. (2020) Chinese | Wistar rats, male | MCAO, 2 h | 4, 8, and 16 mg/kg twice a day for 3 consecutive days | ↓Inflammation; ↓Oxidative stress; ↓BBB; ↓Neuronal injury | Stroke volume; Brain water content |
Xiong et al. (2014) Chinese | Sprague–Dawley rats, male | MCAO, 2 h | 10 and 30 mg/kg twice a day for 3 days pretreatment |  | Stroke volume |
Liu et al. (2020) Chinese | Sprague–Dawley rats, male | MCAO, 2 h | 16 mg/kg for 3 days | ↓Apoptosis; ↓BBB | Stroke volume; Cerebral bloodflow |