Table 2 Association between CAM utilisation and patient characteristics

Age (year)

  < 18 (= ref)

 18–25

2.00(1.36–2.95

 < 0.001

2.62(1.51–4.54)

0.001

 26–45

5.54(3.69–8.32)

 < 0.001

6.26(3.24–12.07)

 < 0.001

 46–65

1.84(1.19–2.85)

0.007

2.39(1.18–4.84)

0.016

 65 + 

1.10(0.73–1.68)

0.627

1.61(0.80–3.24)

0.176

Gender

 Male (= ref)

 Female

2.09(1.59–2.72

 < 0.001

1.17(0.83–1.63)

0.361

Religion

 Muslim

0.73(0.45–1.17)

0.188

0.71(0.41–1.21)

0.213

 Others (= ref)

Level of education

 No education

3.64(2.60–5.08)

 < 0.001

2.99(1.81–4.93)

 < 0.001

 Primary

2.46(1.73–3.49)

 < 0.001

2.30(1.40–3.78)

0.001

 Secondary

2.91(1.99–4.220

 < 0.001

2.26(1.41–3.63)

0.001

 Tertiary (= ref)

Marital status

 Single (= ref)

 Married

2.07(1.55–2.74)

 < 0.001

1.79(1.08–2.97)

0.022

Residence

 Urban (= ref)

 Rural

1.36(0.93–1.99)

0.108

0.78(0.48–1.26)

0.318

Family type

 Nuclear (= ref)

 Joint

1.69(1.31–2.20)

 < 0.001

1.33(0.97–1.83)

0.072

Employment status

 Unemployed (= ref)

 Informal workers

1.21(0.84–1.73)

0.287

0.67(0.42–1.06)

0.094

 Formal employee

0.41(0.25–0.67)

 < 0.001

0.52(0.29–0.95)

0.034

 Business

0.24(0.12–0.50)

 < 0.001

0.22(0.120–0.51)

 < 0.001

 Students

0.55(0.35–0.85)

0.008

1.32(0.73–2.38)

0.353

 Others

1.16(0.54–2.48)

0.697

0.58(0.24–1.42)

0.238

Income quintiles

 Q1 (Lowest 20%)

1.04(0.66–1.65)

0.842

0.49(0.28–0.88)

0.016

 Q2

3.48(2.46–4.94)

 < 0.001

1.53(0.96–2.44)

0.072

 Q3

4.29(2.97–6.19)

 < 0.001

2.18(1.38–3.44)

0.001

 Q4

3.64(2.4–5.4)

 < 0.001

2.34(1.45–3.76)

 < 0.001

 Q5 (Highest 20%) (= ref)