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Fig. 5 | BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Fig. 5

From: Harpagoside attenuates local bone Erosion and systemic osteoporosis in collagen-induced arthritis in mice

Fig. 5

Effect of harpagoside (HAR) on the production of proinflammatory cytokines, RANKL, TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β in TNFα-stimulated SW982 synovial cells. SW982 synovial cells were treated various doses of HAR (0, 25, 50 and 100 μM) for 1 h and then incubated with TNFα (50 ng/mL) for 24 h. A Cell viability was determined using the XTT assay. B The total RNA was extracted and real-time RT-PCR was performed to measure the transcripts of RANKL, TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β. The mRNA levels of these genes were normalized to GAPDH and represented as fold change over the TNFα-untreated, HAR-untreated cells. ***p < 0.001 versus TNFα-untreated, HAR-untreated cells; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 and ###p < 0.001 versus TNFα-treated, HAR-untreated cells

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