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Table 3 Prevalence of of the five most used Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM), according to sociodemographic characteristics, (Brazil, PNS, 2019) e

From: Prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine use in Brazil: results of the National Health Survey, 2019

 

Acupuncture

Homeopathy

Medicinal Plants

Meditation

Yoga

Variables

Prevalence (%)a(IC99%)b

Prevalence (%) (IC99%)

Prevalence (%) (IC99%)

Prevalence (%) (IC99%)

Prevalence (%) (IC99%)

Region

 Southeast

2.1 (1.7–2.4)

1.2 (0.9–1.5)

1.9 (1.5–2.3)

0.8 (0.6–1.1)

0.56 (0.4–0.73)

 South

1.6 (1.3–1.9)

1.2 (0.9–1.5)

3.2 (2.6–3.8)

0.9 (0.7–1.2)

0.65 (0.5–0.8)

 Midwest

1.1 (0.8–1.3)

0.9 (0.6–1.1)

2.6 (1.9–3.2)

0.7 (0.5–0.9)

0.36 (0.2–0.5)

 Northeast

0.7 (0.6–0.9)

0.2 (0.2–0.3)

3.9 (3.2–4.6)

0.3 (0.2–0.4)

0.19 (0.1–0.3)

 North

0.4 (0.3–0.6)

0.5 (0.3–0.6)

5. (5.0–6.9)

0.2 (0.1–0.3)

0.12 (0.1–0.2)

Sex

 Male

0.9 (0.7–1.0)

0.5 (0.4–0.6)

2.4 (2.1–2.7)

0.4 (0.3–0.5)

0.2 (0.1–0.2)

 Female

1.9 (1.7–2.2)

1.2 (1.0–1.4)

3.5 (3.1–3.8)

0.9 (0.7–1.0)

0.7 (0.5–0.8)

Age Group

 18 to 39 years old

1.0 (0.8–1.2)

0.7 (0.5–0.9)

2.3 (1.9–2.5)

0.7 (0.6–0.9)

0.5 (0.4–0.6)

 40 to 59 years old

1.7 (1.4–2.0)

1.0 (0.8–1.2)

3.2 (2.8–3.6)

0.7 (0.5–0.8)

0.4 (0.3–0.5)

 60 years old or more

1.9 (1.5–2.2)

1.0 (0.8–1.2)

4.0 (3.5–4.4)

0.5 (0.3–0.7)

0.3 (0.2–0.8)

Educational levelc

 Complete Elementary school

0.6 (0.5–0.8)

0.3 (0.2–0.4)

3.3 (2.9–3.7)

0.07 (0.0–0.1)

0.04 (0.0–0.1)

 Complete High school

1.0 (0.8–1.2)

0.5 (0.4–0.7)

2.1 (1.8–2.4)

0.28 (0.2–0.4)

0.17 (0.1–0.2)

 University degree or more

3.8 (3.3–4.3)

2.5 (2.1–3.0)

3.8 (3.2–4.4)

2.46 (2.0–2.9)

1.64 (1.3–2.0)

Per capita incomed

 Up to ½ MW

0.2 (0.1–0.3)

0.2 (0.1–0.3)

3.3 (2.7–3.9)

0.10 (0.0–0.2)

0.034 (0.0–0.1)

 Over 1/2 MW and up to 1 MW

0.5 (0.4–0.6)

0.3 (0.2–0.5)

2.6 (2.2–3.0)

0.19 (0.1–0.3)

0.081 (0.0–0.1)

 Over 1 MW and up to 2 MW

1.2 (1.0–1.5)

0.6 (0.4–0.8)

2.6 (2.2–3.0)

0.41 (0.2–0.7)

0.324 (0.1–0.5)

 Over 2 MW

4.2 (3.6–4.8)

2.6 (2.0–3.1)

3.6 (3.0–4.1)

2.18 (1.8–2.5)

1.442 (1.2–1.7)

Race

 Non-white

0.9 (0.7–1.0)

0.4 (0.3–0.5)

3.1 (2.8–3.5)

0.4 (0.3–0.4)

0.2 (0.1–0.3)

 White

2.1 (1.8–2.4)

1.4 (1.1–1.7)

2.8 (2.4–3.2)

1.0 (0.8–1.3)

0.7 (0.6–0.9)

Self-assessment in health

 Good/very good

1.4 (1.2–1.6)

1.0 (0.8–1.1)

2.4 (2.1–2.6)

0.8 (0.6–1.0)

0.54 (0.4–0.6)

 Fair/bad/very bad

1.5 (1.2–1.8)

0.7 (0.5–0.9)

4.2 (3.8–4.7)

0.3 (0.2–0.4)

0.20 (0.1–0.3)

Private Health Insurance

 No

0.6 (0.5–0.7)

0.4 (0.3–0.5)

2.9 (2.6–3.2)

0.3 (0.2–0.3)

0.19 (0.1–0.2)

 Yes

3.7 (3.2–4.1)

2.1 (1.7–2.5)

3.2 (2.7–3.8)

1.7 (1.4–2.0)

1.15 (0.9–1.4)

Access to health services

 No

0.3 (0.2–0.4)

0.3 (0.2–0.4)

2.3 (1.9–2.7)

0.3 (0.2–0.4)

0.13 (0.1–0.2)

 Yes

1.8 (1.6–2.0)

1.1 (0.9–1.2)

3.2 (2.9–3.5)

0.8 (0.6–0.9)

0.52 (0.4–0.6)

Brazil

1.4 (1.3–1.6)

0.9 (0.7–1.0)

3.0 (2.7–3.3)

0.7 (0.6–0.8)

0.4 (0.4–0.5)

  1. aPrevalence considering the complex sample design
  2. b99% confidence interval considering the complex sample design
  3. cThe variable education categories “illiterate and incomplete elementary school” were aggregated”
  4. dPer capita income: Up to $126.46 (equivalent to Up to ½ Minimum Wage -MW), over $136.46 and up to $252.91 (over ½ MW and up to 1 MW) - Over $252.91 and up to $502.8 (More than 1 MW and up to 2 MW) - Over $502.83 (More than 2 MW)
  5. eSample of individuals aged 18 years and older who answered the 2019 National Health Survey individual questionnaire
  6. In bold: results statistically significant (p < 0.05)
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BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

ISSN: 2662-7671

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