Chemical composition, antibiofilm, cytotoxic, and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of Myrtus communis L. leaves essential oil

Caputo, Lucia; Capozzolo, Francesca; Amato, Giuseppe; De Feo, Vincenzo; Fratianni, Florinda; Vivenzio, Giovanni; Nazzaro, Filomena

doi:10.1186/s12906-022-03583-4

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Table 3 Percent inhibition of the formation of biofilm exhibited by myrtle EO and its main components

From: Chemical composition, antibiofilm, cytotoxic, and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of Myrtus communis L. leaves essential oil

Time	Myrtle EO (mg/ml)			Myrtenyl acetate (mg/ml)			1,8-Cineole (mg/ml)			α-Pinene (mg/ml)			Linalool (mg/ml)
0	0.4	1	2	0.4	1	2	0.4	1	2	0.4	1	2	0.4	1	2
EC	7.20 (± 1.05)	13.9 (± 1.33)	26.25 (± 1.67)	0 (± 0)	2.01 (± 0.02)	3.45 (± 0.05)	0 (± 0)	6.11 (± 0.57)	13.75 (± 0.57)	0 (± 0)	6.19 (± 0.57)	20.76 (± 0.57)	0 (± 0)	3.12 (± 0.16)	33.68 (± 0.44)^****
LM	2.03 (± 0.03)	34.79 (± 1.33)	64.55 (± 1.15)	0 (± 0)	2.97 (± 0.03)	39.03 (± 1.67)	0 (± 0.0)	0 (± 0)	17.7 (± 1.67)	17.72 (± 1.56)^****	29.83 (± 1.67)	44.49 (± 1.67)	0 (± 0)	5.44 (± 0.04)	7.12 (± 0.08)
PC	0 (± 0)	44.27 (± 1.57)	47.28 (± 1.57)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	2.08 (± 0.09)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	36.81 (± 1.67)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	39.65 (± 2.25)	0 (± 0)	36.95 (± 1.12)	55.46 (± 1.44^****)
PA	0 (± 0)	3.33 (± 0.57)	66.67 (± 1.33)	14.11 (± 0.89)^****	57.46 (± 1.33)^****	57.86 (± 2.13)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	40.22 (± 1.57)	20.44 (± 2.26)^****	33.32 (± 1.57)^****	77.45 (± 2.33)^****	0 (± 0)	16.91 (± 0.97)^****	17.57 (± 0.67)
SA	42.1 (± 1.57)	43.55 (± 1.25)	56.7 (± 1.33)	0 (± 0)	54.54 (± 2.67) ^****	49.08 (± 2.33)	0 (± 0.0)	32.03 (± 2.33)	59.41 (± 1.67)	26.23 (± 1.56)	28.07 (± 2.16)	91.39 (± 1.67)^****	0 (± 0)	22.50 (± 1.57)	23.07 (± 1.43)
24 h
EC	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)
LM	0 (± 0)	13.65 (± 1.25)	15.93 (± 1.24)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	7.14 (± 1.67)	18.48 (± 1.67)	28.99 (± 1.57)	0 (± 0)	9.2 (± 0.04)	44.13 (± 1.14)
PC	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	2.8 (± 1.57)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	2.51 (± 0.16)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	2.59 (± 1.67)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	5.37 (± 1.67)
PA	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0.57)	4.97 (± 1.33)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	6.33 (± 0.57)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	16.61 (± 1.57)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	14.66 (± 2.33)^****	0 (± 0)	5.43 (± 0.57)	7.07 (± 0.67)
SA	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	1.1 (± 0.02)	12.34 (± 0)	19.92 (± 1.44)	50.62 (± 1.67)	0 (± 0)	9.82 (± 0.57)	18.09 (± 1.13)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	35.68 (± 1.43)
48 h
EC	12.24 (± 1.13)	32.07 (± 1.67)	42.49 (± 2.24)	14.07 (± 0.57)	50.42 (± 1.14)	52.15 (± 2.25)	23.56 (± 1.67)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	15.67 (± 1.07)	49.51 (± 1.23)	50.45 (± 1.15)
LM	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	4.09 (± 0.07)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	9.66 (± 0.04)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	6.05 (± 0)	30.15 (± 0.65)	75.77 (± 1.23)
PC	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	8.29 (± 0.57)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	23.70 (± 0.57)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	36.81 (± 1.67)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	2.59 (± 0.02)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	24.10 (± 1.4)
PA	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	11.73 (± 0.57)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	10.23 (± 0.57)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	4.95 (± 0.05)	19.98 (± 1.67)	20.45 (± 1.57)
SA	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	22.06 (± 1.12)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	44.78 (± 1.12)	0 (± 0)	0 (± 0)	41.53 (± 1.57)	7.65 (± 0.15)	35.82 (± 1.44)	36.48 (± 1.22)	25.43 (± 1.57)	60.01 (± 1.67)	64.66 (± 1.24)

Data are reported as percent of inhibition respect to the control (for which the inhibition was assumed = 0). Results are the mean of three experiments (± SD). EC: E. coli; LM: L. monocytogenes; PC: P. carotovorum; PA: P. aeruginosa; SA: S. aureus. ****p < 0.0001 compared with values obtained with EO (ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test)

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