Fig. 5

NYT inhibited CSE-induced JNK signal activation. The effect of NYT on the MAPK signaling pathway was evaluated (A). Twenty-four hours after CSE exposure, the cells were collected, and western blotting analysis was performed to evaluate the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 (B), JNK (C), p38 (D), and MKK4 (E). The full-length blot images were presented in Supplementary Fig. 2. ^###p < 0.001 vs. control group; ^***p < 0.001 vs. vehicle-treatment group; Tukey’s test; n = 3. CSE: cigarette smoke extract; NYT: Ninjinyoeito