Table 1 Tumor clone frequency observed in D. melanogaster, heterozygous for the Warts tumor suppressor gene. Flies were treated with osmosis reverse water (negative control); Doxorubicin 0.4mM (DOX, positive control), and different concentrations of chloroform extract of Arrabidaea chica alone (CEAC 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 μg/μL) to observe the carcinogenic effect of the extract. To assess the anticarcinogenic effect of CEAC, flies were pre-treated with Doxorubicin (DOX 0.4 mM) and, subsequently, chronic treated for 48h with different concentrations of the extract
Treatment | Number of Flies | Number of tumors | Frequency | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | CEAC (μg/μL) | DOX (mM) | Eye | Head | Wing | Body | Leg | Halter | Total | |||
Carcinogenic effect of CEAC | 0 | 0 | 200 | 0.00 (00) | 0.00 (00) | 0.02 (04) | 0.15 (30) | 0.01 (02) | 0.00 (00) | 36 | (0.18) | |
0 | 0.4 | 200 | 0.24 (49) | 0.05 (10) | 0.17 (35) | 1.51 (302) | 0.24 (48) | 0.01 (02) | 446 | (2.23) a | ||
2.5 | 0 | 200 | 0.01 (02) | 0.00 (00) | 0.03 (07) | 0.14 (28) | 0.02 (04) | 0.00 (00) | 41 | (0.20) ns | ||
5.0 | 0 | 200 | 0.02 (04) | 0.03 (06) | 0.02 (04) | 0.11 (23) | 0.04 (09) | 0.00 (00) | 46 | (0.23) ns | ||
10 | 0 | 200 | 0.00 (01) | 0.03 (06) | 0.02 (05) | 0.13 (27) | 0.04 (09) | 0.00 (00) | 48 | (0.24) ns | ||
Treatment | Number of Flies | Number of tumors | Frequency | Inhibition (%) | ||||||||
|  | CEAC (μg/μL) | DOX (mM) | Eye | Head | Wing | Body | Leg | Halter | Total | |||
Anticarcinogenic effect of CEAC | 0 | 0 | 200 | 0.00 (00) | 0.00 (01) | 0.02 (05) | 0.09 (19) | 0.02 (04) | 0.00 (00) | 29 | (0.14) | Â |
0 | 0.4 | 200 | 0.25 (51) | 0.05 (10) | 0.21 (42) | 1.54 (309) | 0.29 (59) | 0.01 (03) | 474 | (2.37) a | Â | |
2,5 | 0.4 | 200 | 0.01 (02) | 0.01 (03) | 0.03 (06) | 0.09 (18) | 0.04 (08) | 0.00 (01) | 38 | (0.19) b | 92% | |
5,0 | 0.4 | 200 | 0.02 (04) | 0.01 (02) | 0.04 (08) | 0.10 (20) | 0.03 (07) | 0.00 (00) | 41 | (0.20) b | 91.4% | |
10 | 0.4 | 200 | 0.01 (02) | 0.03 (06) | 0.01 (02) | 0.10 (20) | 0.04 (09) | 0.00 (00) | 39 | (0.19) b | 91.8% | |