Oral administration of tartrazine (E102) accelerates the incidence and the development of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer in rats

Table 1 Effects of tartrazine and the natural dye (COL) on some parameters of oxidative stress in the mammary glands and tumors

	NOR	NOR + TARZ	DMBA	DMBA + TARZ	DMBA + COL
• MDA (mM/mg de protéines)	4.37 ± 0.13	4.7 ± 0.92	4.4 ± 0.24	6.2 ± 0.53**##	4.92 ± 0.51
• SOD (unité/mg de protéines)	108.5 ± 0.74	116.1 ± 0.31	95.1 ± 0.13	74.9 ± 0.22**##	111.52 ± 0.54
• Catalase (mM de H₂O₂/min/mg de protéines)	0.71 ± 0.02	0.68 ± 0.04	0.46 ± 0.02#	0.23 ± 0.02**##	0.48 ± 0.03
• GSH (mM/mg de protéines)	0.01 ± 0.0017	0.01 ± 0.0004	0.008 ± 0.0002	0.006 ± 0.000##	0.016 ± 0.0004

NOR Animals serving as normal control receiving distilled water, NOR + TARZ Animals receiving tartrazine only, DMBA Animals serving as negative control receiving distilled water, DMBA + TARZ Animals receiving tartrazine at a dose of 50 mg/kg BW, DMBA + COL Animals receiving a natural dye at a dose of 50 mg/kg. #p < 0.05; ## p < 0.01 compared to the NOR group; ** p < 0.01 compared to the DMBA group

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