Table 2 Summary of findings: Tai Chi plus usual care compared to usual care for psychological well-being and QoL in people with CVD and risk factors

Safety

16 per 1000

8 per 1000 (3 to 20)

RR 0.50 (0.21 to 1.20)

248 (5 RCTs)

⨁◯◯◯ VERY LOW ^{a, b}

Stress assessed with: PSS-14

The mean stress was 3.99 scores

MD 0.76 scores lower (1.02 lower to 0.5 lower)

–

61 (1 RCT)

⨁◯◯◯ VERY LOW ^{c, d}

Anxiety assessed with: HADS-A & SAS

–

SMD 2.13 lower (2.55 lower to 1.7 lower)

–

410 (3 RCTs)

⨁⨁◯◯ LOW ^c

Depression assessed with: HADS-D, GDS, BDI, SDS & CES-D

–

SMD 0.85 SD lower (1.52 lower to 0.17 lower)

–

675 (6 RCTs)

⨁⨁◯◯ LOW ^{a, e}

Quality of Life - Mental Health assessed with: SF-36

The mean quality of Life - Mental Health was 48.1 - 87.01 scores

MD 7.86 scores higher (5.2 higher to 10.52 higher)

–

1124 (11 RCTs)

⨁⨁◯◯ LOW ^c

Quality of Life assessed with: Total score of SF-36

The mean quality of Life was 61.5 - 82.96 scores

MD 18.91 scores higher (12.8 higher to 25.03 higher)

–

369 (3 RCTs)

⨁⨁◯◯ LOW ^c