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Fig. 4 | BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Fig. 4

From: Arctiin suppresses H9N2 avian influenza virus-mediated inflammation via activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling

Fig. 4

Effect of arctiin on Nrf2 signaling in H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV)-infected A549 cells. A Western blot analysis of Nrf2 signaling (Nrf2, HO-1, and SOD2) in H9N2 virus-infected cells with or without arctiin (100–300 μg/mL) treatment for 24 h. B Band intensities of Nrf2, HO-1, and SOD2 in (A) were normalized to GAPDH by densitometric analysis using ImageJ software. C Effect of arctiin on Nrf2 nuclear translocation was investigated by immunofluorescence. A549 cells were inoculated with H9N2 AIVs (MOI = 0.1) for 2 h and then treated with arctiin (300 μg/mL). After 24 h treatment, the location of Nrf2 was detected by immunofluorescence. The results are expressed as means ± SD. #p < 0.05; ##p < 0.01 compared with the control group; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01 compared with H9N2 virus infection alone

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