Table 5 Effects of M. pruriens extract on selected biomarkers (urea, uric acid and creatine kinase in the liver and kidney of rats after exposure to CCl₄ and rifampicin toxicity

Urea (mg/dl)

Kidney

47.82 ± 0.93^a

76.32 ± 0.88

61.37 ± 1.34^a

48.93 ± 1.17^a

53.76 ± 0.78^a

70.06 ± 0.83

61.82 ± 0.51^a

54.70 ± 1.20^a

Serum

38.77 ± 0.83^a

77.64 ± 1.36

59.26 ± 1.06^a

51.26 ± 0.96^a

45.26 ± 0.76^a

64.39 ± 0.62

53.14 ± 0.76^a

41.20 ± 0.81^a

Uric acid (mg/dl)

Kidney

29.54 ± 1.52^a

42.65 ± 0.82

33.16 ± 0.55^a

32.02 ± 0.87^a

32.89 ± 0.92^a

54.23 ± 0.78

43.06 ± 1.08^a

31.37 ± 1.13^a

Serum

19.17 ± 0.24^a

33.51 ± 0.52

28.47 ± 0.65^a

24.81 ± 0.59^a

21.17 ± 0.68^a

35.43 ± 0.52

28.76 ± 0.48^a

24.08 ± 0.53^a

Creatine kinase (IU/L)

Kidney

27.61 ± 1.07^a

38.44 ± 0.87

30.22 ± 0.19^a

28.31 ± 0.14^a

25.73 ± 0.85^a

49.17 ± 0.94

40.80 ± 0.64^a

33.51 ± 0.50^a

Serum

20.33 ± 0.30^a

31.70 ± 0.29

26.31 ± 1.00^a

22.40 ± 0.81^a

23.66 ± 0.22^a

44.58 ± 0.44

31.49 ± 0.42^a

28.60 ± 0.58^a