Fig. 3

eGSM induced autophagy. A549 cells (A) or SNU2292 cells (B) were treated with indicated amounts of eGSM for 16 h (lanes 2 to 4), along with rapamycin (10 μM, 6 h). A549 (C) or SNU2292 (D) was treated with 10 μg of the mixture of E-64 and pepstatin A (EP) (1:1 ratio) 3 h prior to eGSM treatment as indicated (lanes 4 to 6). Additionally, A549 (E) or SNU2292 (F) was treated with 5 μM of hydroxychloroquine for 3 h before eGSM treatment. Total proteins were extracted, fractionated, and blotted for LC3 with anti-LC3 antibody. Two modified forms of LC3 proteins, LC3-I and LC3-II, are indicated by arrows. Blotted membranes were stripped and probed with anti-β actin antibody