Table 2 Characteristics of included studies
First author (publication year) | Country | Number and gender (F/M) | Study participants health condition | Mean age | Clinical Trial design /randomized/Blinding | Duration | Comparison group | Amount of vinegar intake | Reported outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bashiri et al. (2014) [4] | Iran | Number: 62 (Both gender) | Type 2 diabetic patients with dyslipidemia | Range: 25–65 Intervention: 49.47 ± 8.02 Placebo: 52.1 ± 7.87 | Parallel/ Yes/No | 8 weeks | – | 20 mL/day | TG TC HDL LDL |
Halima et al. (2017) [16] | Tunisia | Number: 44 (NR) | Type 2 diabetes | range: 40–65 Intervention: NR Placebo: NR | Parallel/ Yes/ Yes | 1 month | water | 15 mL/day | FPG TG TC HDL LDL |
Kondo et al. (2009) [23] | Japan | Number: 155 (Both gender) | Obese | Range:25–60 Intervention (high-dose): 43.4 ± 9.5 Intervention (low-dose): 44.7 ± 9.7 Placebo: 44.1 ± 9.6 | Parallel/ Yes/ Yes | 12 weeks | Beverage | 15 mL/day | TG TC HDL-C LDL-C FPG HbA1C |
30 mL/day | |||||||||
Mahmoodi et al. (2013) [27] | Iran | Number: 60 (Both gender) | Type 2 diabetic | Range:30–60 | Parallel/ NR/ Yes | 1 month | Water | 15 mL/day | TG TC HDL-C LDL-C FPG HbA1C |
Panetta et al. (2013) [33] | USA | Number: 97 (Both gender) | NR | Intervention: 57.7 ± 9.33 Placebo: 56.1 ± 12.58 | Parallel/ Yes/ Yes | 8 weeks | Balsamic vinegar solution diluted in water | 30 mL/day | TG TC HDL-C LDL-C HbA1C |
Khezri et al. (2018) [22] | Iran | Number: 44 (Both gender) | Obese and overweight | Range: 27–40 Intervention: 42.5 ± 9 Placebo: 45 ± 11 | Parallel/ Yes/ No | 12 weeks | Restricted calorie diet | 30 mL/day plus restricted calorie diet. | TG TC HDL-C LDL-C |
Ebrahimi-Mamaghani et al. (2009) [12] | Iran | Number: 38 (Both gender) | Type 2 diabetic | Intervention: 54.6 ± 13.1 Placebo: 53.8 ± 9.0 | Parallel/ Yes/ No | 8 weeks | – | 770 mL/day | TG TC HDL-C LDL-C FPG |
Mohammadpourhodki et al. (2019) [28] | Iran | Number: 76 (Both gender) | Type 2 diabetes | Range: 18–65 Intervention: 49.2 ± 4.3 Placebo: 49.2 ± 4.3 | Parallel/ Yes/No | 8 weeks | Water | 20 mL/day | FPG HbA1C |
Kausar et al. (2019) [20] | Pakistan | Number: 110 (Both gender) | Type 2 diabetes | Range: 30–60 Intervention: 51.16 ± 7.91 Placebo: 50.49 ± 7.78 | Parallel/ Yes/Yes | 3 month | Water with artificial flavor | 15 mL/day | TG TC HDL-C LDL-C FPG HbA1C |