Fig. 8From: A mechanistic study on the inhibition of bacterial growth and inflammation by Nerium oleander extract with comprehensive in vivo safety profileEffects of NOEE on the production of a TNF-ɑ and b IL-1β while c and d show mRNA expression of TNF-ɑ and IL-1β respectively in rat paw of carrageenan-treated rats. Values are given as x̄ ± S.E.M. (n = 10). *p ≤ 0.05 significant and **p ≤ 0.005 are highly significant as compared to control. However Naïve group = 0.0Back to article page