Table 6 Pattern and experience of HDS use among users
Name of products | Frequency of use | Purpose for usinga | Experience positive effectb | Experience negative effectb | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Once a week | Few times a week | Daily | Treat minor illness | Treat chronic illness | Prevent disease | Maintain health | Yes | No | Yes | No | |
Vitamin C (n = 60) | 3 (5) | 25 (41.7) | 32 (53.3) | 20 (33.3) | 3 (5) | 36 (60) | 49 (81.7) | 55 (91.7) | 5 (8.3) | 8 (13.3)c | 52 (86.7) |
Honey (n = 35) | 1 (2.9) | 18 (51.4) | 16 (45.7) | 21 (60) | – | 12 (34.3) | 30 (85.7) | 35 (100) | – | 1 (2.9)d | 34 (97.1) |
Fish oil (n = 15) | – | 4 (26.7) | 11 (73.3) | – | 5 (33.3) | 12 (80) | 15 (100) | 12 (80) | 3 (20) | 1 (6.7)e | 14 (93.3) |
Glucosamine (n = 14) | – | – | 14 (100) | – | 14 (100) | – | – | 14 (100) | – | – | 14 (100) |
Traditional herbal preparation e.g. jamu / makjun (n = 12) | – | 7 (58.3) | 5 (41.7) | – | – | 5 (41.7) | 12 (100) | 12 (100) | – | 1 (8.3)f | 11 (91.7) |
Vitamin B complex (n = 12) | – | 4 (33.3) | 8 (66.7) | – | – | 3 (25) | 12 (100) | 12 (100) | – | 1 (8.3)g | 11 (91.7) |
Vitamin B12 (n = 11) | – | 1 (9.1) | 10 (90.9) | – | – | 5 (45.5) | 11 (100) | 11 (100) | – | – | 11 (100) |
Commercial herbal juice (n = 9) | – | 3 (33.3) | 6 (66.7) | 5 (55.6) | 2 (22.2) | 2 (22.2) | 9 (100) | 7 (77.8) | 2 (22.2) | 2 (22.2)h | 7 (77.8) |
Multivitamin (n = 7) | – | 2 (28.6) | 5 (71.4) | – | – | 2 (28.6) | 7 (100) | 7 (100) | – | – | 7 (100) |
Tongkat Ali / Eurycoma longifolia (n = 6) | – | 3 (50) | 3 (50) | – | – | – | 6 (100) | 6 (100) | – | – | 6 (100) |
Apple cider vinegar (n = 5) | – | 1 (20) | 4 (80) | – | 2 (40) | 1 (20) | 4 (80) | 5 (100) | – | – | 5 (100) |
Colostrum (n = 4) | – | 2 (50) | 2 (50) | – | 4 (100) | 1 (25) | 4 (100) | 2 (50) | 2 (50) | – | 4 (100) |
Homemade herbal juice (n = 4) | – | – | 4 (100) | – | – | 1 (25) | 4 (100) | 4 (100) | – | 3 (75)i | 1 (25) |
Crude ginger (n = 3) | 2 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) | – | 2 (66.7) | – | 1 (33.3) | 1 (33.3) | 3 (100) | – | 1 (33.3)j | 2 (66.7) |
Turmeric capsule (n = 3) | – | – | 3 (100) | – | – | 3 (100) | 3 (100) | 3 (100) | – | – | 3 (100) |
Zinc (n = 3) | 2 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) | – | 3 (100) | – | – | 3 (100) | 3 (100) | – | 2 (66.7)k | 1 (33.3) |
Apricot seed (n = 2) | – | 1 (50) | 1 (50) | – | – | 2 (100) | 2 (100) | 2 (100) | – | – | 2 (100) |
Vitamin E (n = 1) | – | – | 1 (100) | – | – | – | 1 (100) | 1 (100) | – | – | 1 (100) |
Total products used (n = 206) | 8 (3.9) | 73 (35.4) | 125 (60.7) | 51 (24.8) | 30 (14.6) | 86 (41.7) | 173 (84) | 194 (94.2) | 12 (5.8) | 20 (9.7) | 186 (90.3) |