Efficacy of a curcumin extract (Curcugen™) on gastrointestinal symptoms and intestinal microbiota in adults with self-reported digestive complaints: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Table 2 Changes in GSRS scores over time

			Baseline	Week 4	Week 8	Repeated Measures ANOVA		Cohen’s D effect size
			Baseline	Week 4	Week 8	p-value time effects	p-value time x group interaction	Cohen’s D effect size
GSRS: Total score	Placebo (n = 39)	Mean	2.65	2.00	2.18	<.001	.021	.57
	Placebo (n = 39)	SE	0.10	0.10	0.12	<.001
	Curcumin (n = 38)	Mean	2.91	2.24	2.10	<.001
	Curcumin (n = 38)	SE	0.12	0.12	0.12	<.001
GSRS: Abdominal pain	Placebo (n = 39)	Mean	2.52	1.85	2.10	<.001	.124	.14
	Placebo (n = 39)	SE	0.14	0.12	0.15	<.001
	Curcumin (n = 38)	Mean	2.52	2.12	1.97	.001
	Curcumin (n = 38)	SE	0.13	0.12	0.15	.001
GSRS: Reflux	Placebo (n = 39)	Mean	2.04	1.81	1.88	.350	.638	.20
	Placebo (n = 39)	SE	0.18	0.17	0.20	.350
	Curcumin (n = 38)	Mean	2.17	1.76	1.83	.021
	Curcumin (n = 38)	SE	0.20	0.15	0.18	.021
GSRS: Diarrhoea	Placebo (n = 39)	Mean	2.75	2.00	2.31	<.001	.314	.24
	Placebo (n = 39)	SE	0.24	0.16	0.21	<.001
	Curcumin (n = 38)	Mean	2.70	2.01	1.93	<.001
	Curcumin (n = 38)	SE	0.24	0.18	0.18	<.001
GSRS: Indigestion	Placebo (n = 39)	Mean	3.18	2.22	2.46	<.001	.114	.41
	Placebo (n = 39)	SE	0.15	0.14	0.16	<.001
	Curcumin (n = 38)	Mean	3.53	2.52	2.39	<.001
	Curcumin (n = 38)	SE	0.18	0.17	0.17	<.001
GSRS: Constipation	Placebo (n = 39)	Mean	2.43	1.98	1.97	.009	.160	.40
	Placebo (n = 39)	SE	0.20	0.14	0.16	.009
	Curcumin (n = 38)	Mean	3.10	2.54	2.20	<.001
	Curcumin (n = 38)	SE	0.26	0.22	0.20	<.001

ISSN: 2662-7671