Fig. 5From: Panax notoginseng saponins promote endothelial progenitor cell angiogenesis via the Wnt/β-catenin pathwaySchematic of the detailed mechanisms involved in PNS-mediated angiogenesis of EPCs. Left: In the absence of a Wnt signal, β-catenin is degraded by a complex of proteins including GSK-3β. DVL is required for activating the pathway as well. Right: PNS could promote WNT3a and bind of LRP5 to induces the association of DVL with phosphorylated GSK-3β. The destruction complex falls apart, and β-catenin is stabilized, subsequently binding TCF4 in the nucleus to upregulate angiogenesis related cytokines and promote EPCs angiogenesis, proliferation and migrationBack to article page