Synergistic antifungal evaluation of over-the-counter antifungal creams with turmeric essential oil or Aloe vera gel against pathogenic fungi

Ogidi, Clement Olusola; Ojo, Ayokunbi Elizabeth; Ajayi-Moses, Oluwatayo Benjamin; Aladejana, Oluwatoyin Modupe; Thonda, Oluwakemi Abike; Akinyele, Bamidele Juliet

doi:10.1186/s12906-021-03205-5

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Table 7 Fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) and FIC indices (FICi)

From: Synergistic antifungal evaluation of over-the-counter antifungal creams with turmeric essential oil or Aloe vera gel against pathogenic fungi

FIC ^aFICi/interpretation	C. tropicalis (ATCC 66029)	C. albicans	P. notatum	A. fumigatus	A. niger	A. flavus	T. rubrum	T. violceum	T. mentagrophytes
Clotrimazole	0.60	0.25	0.80	0.50	0.40	0.80	0.30	0.25	0.30
TEO	0.60	0.25	0.40	0.50	0.20	0.40	0.60	0.50	0.30
FICi	1.20/ind	0.50/syn	1.20/ind	1.00/ind	0.60/ind	1.20/ind	0.90/ind	0.75/ind	0.60/ind
Fluconazole	0.40	0.60	0.80	0.50	0.60	0.50	0.30	0.20	0.25
TEO	0.40	0.30	0.40	0.50	0.30	0.50	0.60	0.40	0.50
FICi	0.80/ind	0.90/ind	1.20/ind	1.00/ind	0.90/ind	1.00/ind	0.90/ind	0.60/ind	0.75/ind
Ketoconazole	0.40	0.40	0.30	0.30	0.25	0.25	0.30	0.50	0.60
TEO	0.80	0.20	0.30	0.60	0.25	0.50	0.30	0.50	0.60
FICi	1.20/ind	0.60/ind	0.60/ind	0.90/ind	0.50/syn	0.75/ind	0.60/ind	1.00/ind	1.20/ind
Terbinafine	0.30	0.20	0.40	0.40	0.60	1.20	1.00	0.80	0.40
TEO	1.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.15	0.30	0.50	0.20	0.40
FICi	1.50/ind	0.40/syn	0.60/ind	0.60/ind	0.75/ind	1.50/ind	1.50/ind	1.00/ind	0.80/ind
Clotrimazole	0.40	0.10	0.40	0.30	0.20	0.60	0.15	0.10	0.40
AVG	0.40	0.20	0.40	0.30	0.40	0.30	0.60	0.80	0.80
FICi	0.80/ind	0.30/syn	0.80/ind	0.60/ind	0.60/ind	0.90/ind	0.75/ind	0.90/ind	1.20/ind
Fluconazole	0.60	0.50	0.40	0.30	0.50	0.20	0.15	0.20	0.20
AVG	0.60	0.50	0.40	0.30	1.00	0.20	0.60	1.60	0.80
FICi	1.20/ind	1.00/ind	0.80/ind	0.60/ind	1.50/ind	0.40/syn	0.75/ind	1.80/ind	1.00/ind
Ketoconazole	0.20	0.40	0.30	0.25	0.15	0.20	0.50	0.30	0.40
AVG	0.40	0.40	0.60	0.50	0.60	0.40	1.00	1.20	0.80
FICi	0.60/ind	0.80/ind	0.90/ind	0.75/ind	0.75/ind	0.60/ind	1.50/ind	1.50/ind	1.20/ind
Terbinafine	0.10	0.20	0.60	0.40	0.60	1.20	1.00	1.60	0.30
AVG	0.40	0.40	0.60	0.20	0.60	0.30	1.00	1.60	0.60
FICi	0.50/syn	0.60/ind	1.20/ind	0.60/ind	1.20/ind	1.50/ind	2.00/ind	3.20/ind	0.90/ind

syn Synergetic, ind Indifferent
^aBold indicates Fractional Inhibitory Concentration index (FICi) / their interpretation

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