Fig. 3

The apoptotic effects of EP and CS extracts on human lung cancer cells. The A549 cells were treated with 100, 300 and 500 ng/mL of EP and CS extracts separately for 36 h and apoptosis was analyzed by annexin-V and PI staining using flow cytometry. A: represents the flow cytometry histograms indicating the gating strategy (a), un-treated cells (b), cells treated with 100 ng/mL of EP (c), 300 ng/mL of EP (d), 500 ng/mL of EP (e) and 300 ng/mL of EP + 50 ng/mL of AM630 (f). B: represents percentages of cells at the early and late apoptosis stages following EP treatment. C: represents the flow cytometry histograms indicating the gating strategy (a), un-treated cells (b), cells treated with 100 ng/mL of CS (c), 300 ng/mL of CS (d), 500 ng/mL of CS (e) and 300 ng/mL of CS + 50 ng/mL of AM630 (f). D: represents percentages of cells at the early and late apoptosis stages following CS treatment. Data represent mean ± SD of three separate experiments. The statistical differences between treated and untreated groups were analyzed by ANOVA and are indicated by asterisks (* = P < 0.05, ** = P < 0.01, *** = P < 0.001)