Induction of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) mediated gene expression and inhibition of induced nitric oxide production by Maerua subcordata (Gilg) DeWolf

Table 2 Selected candidate constituents in M. subcordata screened for their potential induction of PPARγ-mediated luciferase expression

Compounds	Concentration (μM)	Fold induction (mean ± SEM)
(a)Fold induction compared to 1%(v/v) DMSO as the solvent control
Agmatine sulfate	100	1.35 ± 0.09
N-Acetylagmatine	100	1.17 ± 0.30
Anthranilic acid	100	1.89 ± 0.33
Arecaidine hydrochloride	100	0.95 ± 0.03
Stachydrine hydrochloride	100	1.04 ± 0.19
Trigonelline hydrochloride	100	1.09 ± 0.11
Pipecolic acid	100	0.88 ± 0.02
Indole-3-carboxaldehyde	100	1.51 ± 0.11
Glucobrassicin potassium	10	1.05 ± 0.08
Ethyl isothiocyanate	10	1.18 ± 0.20
Isobutyl isothiocyanate	10	1.91 ± 0.62
Isopropyl isothiocyanate	10	1.76 ± 0.52
sec-Butyl isocyanate	10	1.27 ± 0.14
Geranylgeranylacetone	25^ϕ	1.0 ± 60.06
Sclareol	5^ϕ	1.15 ± 0.12
α-Lipoic acid	250	2.16 ± 0.27*
(b)Fold induction compared to 1%(v/v) ethanol as the solvent control
Rosiglitazone	1	15.09 ± 0.6**
9-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid	10^#	2.13 ± 0.15*
α-Linolenic acid	100	2.93 ± 0.23*
Petroselinic acid	100	2.22 ± 0.53*
Azeleic acid	100	1.31 ± 0.08
Stigmasterol	100	1.49 ± 0.17

^ϕhighest non-cytotoxic concentration, ^#amount of sample was not enough to test higher concentration, *significant difference from the solvent control: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01

ISSN: 2662-7671