Table 3 Prevalence of 12-month CAM use for mental illness in Singapore by ethnicity
Chinese | Malay | Indian | Total | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Weighted % | 95% CI | Weighted % | 95% CI | Weighted % | 95% CI | Weighted % | 95% CI | p | |
Overall, any CAM use | 5.9 | 4.9–7.1 | 8.1 | 6.9–9.6 | 7.6 | 6.4–9.0 | 6.4 | 5.6–7.3 | 0.008 |
Prayer or other spiritual practices | 2.0 | 1.4–2.8 | 5.5 | 4.5–6.7 | 4.2 | 3.3–5.3 | 2.7 | 2.2–3.3 | < 0.001 |
Exercise or movement therapy | 1.9 | 1.3–2.6 | 1.6 | 1.1–2.3 | 2.0 | 1.4–2.8 | 1.9 | 1.4–2.4 | 0.769 |
Massage therapy | 1.6 | 1.1–2.3 | 1.9 | 1.3–2.7 | 1.7 | 1.2–2.4 | 1.6 | 1.2–2.1 | 0.786 |
Relaxation or meditation techniques | 1.5 | 1.0–2.2 | 0.8 | 0.4–1.3 | 2.1 | 1.5–2.9 | 1.5 | 1.1–2.0 | 0.071 |
Acupuncture | 0.6 | 0.3–1.1 | 0.5 | 0.3–1.0 | 0.5 | 0.3–0.9 | 0.6 | 0.4–1.0 | 0.835 |
Special diets | 0.3 | 0.1–0.7 | 0.5 | 0.2–1.0 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.6 | 0.3 | 0.1–0.6 | 0.528 |
Any other non-traditional remedy or therapy | 0.3 | 0.1–0.7 | 0.1 | 0.0–0.5 | 0.1 | 0.0–0.6 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.5 | 0.331 |
Spiritual healing by others | 0.2 | 0.1–0.6 | 0.3 | 0.1–0.8 | 0.5 | 0.3–1.0 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.5 | 0.323 |
Chiropractic | 0.2 | 0.1–0.5 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.6 | 0.1 | 0.03–0.5 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.4 | 0.607 |
Herbal therapy | 0.1 | 0.03–0.5 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.5 | 0.03 | 0.004–0.2 | 0.1 | 0.05–0.3 | 0.152 |
High dose mega-vitamins | 0.1 | 0.03–0.5 | 0.05 | 0.01–0.3 | 0 | NA | 0.1 | 0.03–0.4 | 0.587 |
Homeopathy | 0 | NA | 0.2 | 0.1–0.5 | 0.2 | 0.05–0.6 | 0.1 | 0.03–0.1 | < 0.001 |
Biofeedback | 0.1 | 0.01–0.4 | 0 | NA | 0 | NA | 0.04 | 0.01–0.3 | 0.571 |
Energy healing | 0 | NA | 0.1 | 0.03–0.5 | 0.1 | 0.03–.5 | 0.04 | 0.02–0.1 | < 0.001 |
Hypnosis | 0 | NA | 0.1 | 0.01–0.4 | 0 | NA | 0.007 | 0.001–0.05 | 0.008 |