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Table 5 Factors associated with the use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, PNS 2013e

From: Prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use in Brazil

Prevalence of CAM use a (95%CI) b by sociodemographic variables

 

Acupuncture

Homeopathy

Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines

CAM total

 

aOR (95%CI)

aOR (95%CI)

aOR (95%CI)

aOR (95%CI)

Brazilian regions

 Southeast

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 South

0.67 (0.44–0.99)p

1.51 (0.90–2.52)

3.01 (1.99–4.54) p

1.67 (1.31–2.13) p

 Midwest

0.53 (0.36–0.76) p

1.24 (0.80–1.93)

1.75 (1.12–2.73) p

1.09 (0.85–1.40)

 Northeast

0.31 (0.20–0.49) p

0.45 (0.27–0.74) p

1.97 (1.22–3.18) p

1.08 (0.82–1.41)

 North

0.18 (0.09–0.37) p

1.59 (0.97–2.60)

3.73 (2.27–6.13) p

2.02 (1.49–2.74) p

Gender

 Male

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Female

1.95 (1.35–2.81) p

1.47 (1.02–2.12) p

1.23 (1.04–1.46) p

1.42 (1.24–1.61) p

Age (years)

 18 to 39 years

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 40 to 59 years

2.37 (1.63–3.47) p

1.26 (0.81–1.96)

1.51 (1.26–1.81) p

1.64 (1.40–1.92) p

 60 years or older

2.97 (2.03–4.34) p

1.03 (0.67–1.58)

1.49 (1.22–1.81) p

1.62 (1.37–1.91) p

Educational level c

 Up to Incomplete Elementary School

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Up to Complete High School

1.60 (0.85–3.01)

0.87 (0.47–1.64)

0.89 (0.72–1.09)

0.99 (0.82–1.20)

 From Incomplete College/University

4.22 (2.05–8.69) p

2.41 (1.22–4.77) p

1.50 (1.04–2.18) p

2.35 (1.79–3.07) p

Ethnicity/skin color

 White

1.29 (0.87–1.91)

1.22 (0.78–1.89)

0.80 (0.65–0.99) p

0.99 (0.85–1.16)

 Non-white

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Socioeconomic status d

 Higher (A + B)

1.98 (1.22–3.20) p

2.99 (1.71–5.22) p

0.70 (0.51–0.95) p

1.27 (1.01–1.59) p

 Intermediate (C)

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Lower (D + E)

0.36 (0.12–1.05)

0.70 (0.40–1.22)

2.04 (1.57–2.65) p

1.77 (1.41–2.23) p

  1. a Prevalence considering the complex sample design
  2. b 95% confidence interval considering the complex sample design
  3. c The variable education categories “illiterate and incomplete elementary
  4. school” were aggregated”
  5. d The Brazil Criterion variable
  6. e Sample of individuals aged 18 years and older who answered the 2013 National Health Survey individual questionnaire
  7. p p-value < 0.05 compared with reference category