Table 1 Effect of green coffee, silymarin and their combination on ALT, AST, ALP), total protein (TP), albumin, bilirubin, creatinine, uric acid (UA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and lipids in CCl₄ induced hepatotoxic rats

Negative control group

(G1)

164.0 ± 8.62^#

22.33 ± 2.8^#

21.66 ± 3.55^#

163.5 ± 6.89^#

134.0 ± 11.34^#

90.36 ± 6.44^#

46.33 ± 1.63^#

22.0 ± 2.6^#

4.25 ± 0.18^#

0.71 ± 0.15^#

0.42 ± 0.03^#

6.5 ± 0.14^#

5.43 ± 0.28^#

175.16 ± 12.54^#

Positive control group

(Group 2)

283.33 ± 6.94*

91.83 ± 5.49*

98.5 ± 5.2*

277.33 ± 7.11*

250.83 ± 8.28*

18.66 ± 1.75*

208.0 ± 7.72*

64.0 ± 3.22*

7.28 ± 0.29*

2.51 ± 0.28*

1.51 ± 0.19*

3.5 ± 0.28*

2.31 ± 0.2*

446.0 ± 8.94*

Green coffee methanolic extract

(Group 3)

254.33 ± 5.35*^#

76.33 ± 2.16*^#

84.66 ± 3.14*^#

258.5 ± 5.46*^#

222.66 ± 3.72*^#

32.0 ± 1.54*^#

183.0 ± 6.44*^#

56.83 ± 1.94*^#

6.86 ± 0.1*^#

1.93 ± 0.1*^#

0.89 ± 0.04*^#

4.38 ± 0.2*^#

2.96 ± 0.15*^#

404.0 ± 8.89*^#

Silymarin

(Group 4)

190.0 ± 4.89*^#

53.33 ± 4.22*^#

54.83 ± 3.43*^#

223.33 ± 4.92*^#

197.16 ± 5.49*^#

34.5 ± 2.16*^#

149.16 ± 4.99*^#

46.0 ± 2.09*^#

5.98 ± 0.16*^#

1.3 ± 0.14*^#

0.67 ± 0.01*^#

5.08 ± 0.14*

4.1 ± 0.12*^#

360.5 ± 5.78*^#

Combination of green coffee methanolic extract and silymarin

(Group 5)

164.16 ± 5.52^#

40.33 ± 1.21*^#

45.0 ± 2.0*^#

204.33 ± 7.68*^#

178.5 ± 6.7*^#

40.33 ± 1.21*^#

127.83 ± 6.3*^#

35.83 ± 2.22*^#

5.23 ± 0.12*^#

0.855 ± 0.018^#

0.54 ± 0.025^#

5.95 ± 0.23*^#

4.78 ± 0.17*^#

214.16 ± 7.25*^#

Negative control group

(G1)

164.0 ± 8.62^#

22.33 ± 2.8^#

21.66 ± 3.55^#

163.5 ± 6.89^#

134.0 ± 11.34^#

90.36 ± 6.44^#

46.33 ± 1.63^#

22.0 ± 2.6^#

4.25 ± 0.18^#

0.71 ± 0.65^#

0.42 ± 0.03^#

6.5 ± 0.14^#

5.43 ± 0.28^#

175.16 ± 12.54^#

Positive control group

(Group 2)

283.33 ± 6.94*

91.83 ± 5.49*

98.5 ± 5.2*

277.33 ± 7.11*

250.83 ± 8.28*

18.66 ± 1.75*

208.0 ± 7.72*

64.0 ± 3.22*

7.28 ± 0.29*

2.51 ± 0.28*

1.51 ± 0.19*

3.5 ± 0.28*

2.31 ± 0.2*

446.0 ± 8.94*

Green coffee methanolic extract

(Group 3)

254.33 ± 5.35*^#

76.33 ± 2.16*^#

84.66 ± 3.14*^#

258.5 ± 5.46*^#

222.66 ± 3.72*^#

32.0 ± 1.54*^#

183.0 ± 6.44*^#

56.83 ± 1.94*^#

6.86 ± 0.1*^#

1.93 ± 0.1*^#

0.89 ± 0.04*^#

4.38 ± 0.2*^#

2.96 ± 0.15*^#

404.0 ± 8.89*^#

Silymarin

(Group 4)

190.0 ± 4.89*^#

53.33 ± 4.22*^#

54.83 ± 3.43*^#

223.33 ± 4.92*^#

197.16 ± 5.49*^#

34.5 ± 2.16*^#

149.16 ± 4.99*^#

46.0 ± 2.09*^#

5.98 ± 0.16*^#

1.3 ± 0.14*^#

0.67 ± 0.01*^#

5.08 ± 0.14*

4.1 ± 0.12*^#

360.5 ± 5.78*^#

Combination of green coffee methanolic extract and silymarin

(Group 5)

164.16 ± 5.52^#

40.33 ± 1.21*^#

45.0 ± 2.0*^#

204.33 ± 7.68*^#

178.5 ± 6.7*^#

40.33 ± 1.21*^#

127.83 ± 6.3*^#

35.83 ± 2.22*^#

5.23 ± 0.12*^#

0.855 ± 0.018^#

0.54 ± 0.025^#

5.95 ± 0.23*^#

4.78 ± 0.17*^#

214.16 ± 7.25*^#

Negative control group

(G1)

164.0 ± 8.62^#

22.33 ± 2.8^#

21.66 ± 3.55^#

163.5 ± 6.89^#

134.0 ± 11.34^#

90.36 ± 6.44^#

46.33 ± 1.63^#

22.0 ± 2.6^#

4.25 ± 0.18^#

0.71 ± 0.65^#

0.42 ± 0.03^#

6.5 ± 0.14^#

5.43 ± 0.28^#

175.16 ± 12.54^#

Positive control group

(Group 2)

283.33 ± 6.94*

91.83 ± 5.49*

98.5 ± 5.2*

277.33 ± 7.11*

250.83 ± 8.28*

18.66 ± 1.75*

208.0 ± 7.72*

64.0 ± 3.22*

7.28 ± 0.29*

2.51 ± 0.28*

1.51 ± 0.19*

3.5 ± 0.28*

2.31 ± 0.2*

446.0 ± 8.94*

Green coffee methanolic extract

(Group 3)

254.33 ± 5.35*^#

76.33 ± 2.16*^#

84.66 ± 3.14*^#

258.5 ± 5.46*^#

222.66 ± 3.72*^#

32.0 ± 1.54*^#

183.0 ± 6.44*^#

56.83 ± 1.94*^#

6.86 ± 0.1*^#

1.93 ± 0.1*^#

0.89 ± 0.04*^#

4.38 ± 0.2*^#

2.96 ± 0.15*^#

404.0 ± 8.89*^#

Silymarin

(Group 4)

190.0 ± 4.89*^#

53.33 ± 4.22*^#

54.83 ± 3.43*^#

223.33 ± 4.92*^#

197.16 ± 5.49*^#

34.5 ± 2.16*^#

149.16 ± 4.99*^#

46.0 ± 2.09*^#

5.98 ± 0.16*^#

1.3 ± 0.14*^#

0.67 ± 0.01*^#

5.08 ± 0.14*

4.1 ± 0.12*^#

360.5 ± 5.78*^#

Combination of green coffee methanolic extract and silymarin

(Group 5)

164.16 ± 5.52^#

40.33 ± 1.21*^#

45.0 ± 2.0*^#

204.33 ± 7.68*^#

178.5 ± 6.7*^#

40.33 ± 1.21*^#

127.83 ± 6.3*^#

35.83 ± 2.22*^#

5.23 ± 0.12*^#

0.855 ± 0.018^#

0.54 ± 0.025^#

5.95 ± 0.23*^#

4.78 ± 0.17*^#

214.16 ± 7.25*^#

Negative control group

(G1)

164.0 ± 8.62^#

22.33 ± 2.8^#

21.66 ± 3.55^#

163.5 ± 6.89^#

134.0 ± 11.34^#

90.36 ± 6.44^#

46.33 ± 1.63^#

22.0 ± 2.6^#

4.25 ± 0.18^#

0.71 ± 0.65^#

0.42 ± 0.03^#

6.5 ± 0.14^#

5.43 ± 0.28^#

175.16 ± 12.54^#

Positive control group

(Group 2)

283.33 ± 6.94*

91.83 ± 5.49*

98.5 ± 5.2*

277.33 ± 7.11*

250.83 ± 8.28*

18.66 ± 1.75*

208.0 ± 7.72*

64.0 ± 3.22*

7.28 ± 0.29*

2.51 ± 0.28*

1.51 ± 0.19*

3.5 ± 0.28*

2.31 ± 0.2*

446.0 ± 8.94*

Green coffee methanolic extract

(Group 3)

254.33 ± 5.35*^#

76.33 ± 2.16*^#

84.66 ± 3.14*^#

258.5 ± 5.46*^#

222.66 ± 3.72*^#

32.0 ± 1.54*^#

183.0 ± 6.44*^#

56.83 ± 1.94*^#

6.86 ± 0.1*^#

1.93 ± 0.1*^#

0.89 ± 0.04*^#

4.38 ± 0.2*^#

2.96 ± 0.15*^#

404.0 ± 8.89*^#

Silymarin

(Group 4)

190.0 ± 4.89*^#

53.33 ± 4.22*^#

54.83 ± 3.43*^#

223.33 ± 4.92*^#

197.16 ± 5.49*^#

34.5 ± 2.16*^#

149.16 ± 4.99*^#

46.0 ± 2.09*^#

5.98 ± 0.16*^#

1.3 ± 0.14*^#

0.67 ± 0.01*^#

5.08 ± 0.14*

4.1 ± 0.12*^#

360.5 ± 5.78*^#

Combination of green coffee methanolic extract and silymarin

(Group 5)

164.16 ± 5.52^#

40.33 ± 1.21*^#

45.0 ± 2.0*^#

204.33 ± 7.68*^#

178.5 ± 6.7*^#

40.33 ± 1.21*^#

127.83 ± 6.3*^#

35.83 ± 2.22*^#

5.23 ± 0.12*^#

0.855 ± 0.018^#

0.54 ± 0.025^#

5.95 ± 0.23*^#

4.78 ± 0.17*^#

214.16 ± 7.25*^#