Fig. 1

Treatment of JIMT-1 cells with different solvent fractions of Ethiopian plants reduces the ALDH⁺ CSC sub-population. a The ALDH⁺ population of JIMT-1 cells evaluated using flow cytometry after 72 h of treatment with the fractions. b Effects of the solvent fractions on CFE of JIMT-1 cells in a serum-free soft agar media incubated for 14 days. c Representative images showing the effects of different treatments on the sizes of the colonies in a serum-free CFE assay. Keys: aqueous fraction of S. oxyacanthum (SO: 1–20 μg/mL, SO: 2–52 μg/mL, SO: 3–69 μg/mL); chloroform fraction of C. simensis (CS: 1–15 μg/mL, CS: 2–34 μg/mL, CS: 3–80 μg/mL); ethyl acetate fraction of V. leopoldi (VL: 1–0.63 μg/mL, VL: 2–0.87 μg/mL). The data are presented as mean ± SD for N = 3 for each. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.001; CI: 95%; all the values were compared to control. Image bars = 50 μm