Fig. 3From: The in vitro and in vivo wound-healing effects of royal jelly derived from Apis mellifera L. during blossom seasons of Castanea mollissima Bl. and Brassica napus L. in South China exhibited distinct patternsMigratory effects of royal jelly extracts on the in vitro keratinocytes scratched wounds. Effects of hydrophilic and lipophilic extracts from Castanea mollissima Bl. a-b and Brassica napus L. c-d royal jelly on HaCaT cell migration. The left panels are micrographs of cell migration observed at × 100 magnification. The right panels are rates of wound healing calculated from the area of wound coverage over a period of 12 or 24 h relative to the scarification area at 0 h. Results are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Statistical significance of differences: *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001, compared with control conditionsBack to article page