Factors associated with the use of complementary and alternative therapies among patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Western Jamaica: a cross-sectional study

Table 5 Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations of knowledge and perception of CAM and CAM use for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) ^a

	Crude OR (95% CI)	Adjusted^b OR (95% CI)
Age
18–49	1.77 (0.66–4.76)	3.51 (0.66–18.81)
50–59	2.60 (1.00–6.74)	3.97 (0.87–18.05)
≥ 60	Ref	Ref
Number of adults in household
0 to 1	0.33 (0.10–1.13)	2.92 (0.45–19.17)
2 to 3	0.27 (0.08–0.86)	0.75 (0.13–4.55)
≥ 4	Ref	Ref
Medication cost
No cost/free	0.36 (0.16–0.82)	0.34 (0.09–1.22)
Have to pay	Ref	Ref
Side effects from medicine
Yes	3.21 (1.27–8.14)	1.65 (0.43–6.39)
No	Ref	Ref
Received information about CAM
Yes	3.96 (1.57–9.97)	1.61 (0.37–7.03)
No	Ref	Ref
Self-reported of knowledge of CAM
None/Some	0.16 (0.07–0.41)	0.06 (0.01–0.37)
Average/Good/Excellent	Ref	Ref
Discussed CAM with HCP
Yes	4.93 (1.37–17.70)	4.71 (0.75–29.46)
No	Ref	Ref
Perceives that it is acceptable to use prescription medication and CAM simultaneously
Yes	2.15 (0.88–5.26)	7.19 (1.34–38.52)
No	Ref	Ref
Perceives that it is acceptable to stop taking medicine without consulting HCP if experiencing unpleasant side effects
Yes	2.71 (1.12–6.60)	0.89 (0.20–3.91)
No	Ref	Ref
Perceives that CAM is more effective at treating disease than prescription medication
Yes	1.17 (0.54–2.56)	0.99 (0.40–2.45)
No	Ref	Ref

^a Estimated using logistic regression
^b Adjusted model includes significant variables in bivariate analyses: age, number of adults in household, cost of medication, side effects from medicine, perceives that it is acceptable to discontinue prescription medicine without consulting HCP, previously receiving information about CAM, previously discussing CAM with their HCP, self-reported knowledge of CAM, perceiving that it is acceptable to use prescription medication and CAM simultaneously, and perceives that CAM is more effective at treating disease than prescription;
CAM Complementary and alternative medicine