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Table 2 Effect estimate for saffron on cognitive function, daily living function and psychological parameters

From: Saffron for mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials

Outcome

Number of studies

Number of participants

Effect estimate by mean difference (IV, Random, 95% CI), p value

Study ID

Cognitive function

 ADAS-cog1

1

47

−0.19 [−2.28, 1.90], 0.86

Akhondzadeh 2010 [17]

 ADAS-cog2

1

42

−7.77 [− 8.69, − 6.85], *p < 0.00001

Akhondzadeh 2010 [16]

 CDR-SB1

1

47

0.06 [− 0.49, 0.61], 0.83

Akhondzadeh 2010 [17]

 CDR-SB2

1

42

− 1.30 [− 1.52, − 1.08], *p < 0.00001

Akhondzadeh 2010 [16]

 MMSEa

1

60

− 0.38 [− 1.12, 0.36], 0.32

Farokhnia 2014 [18]

 MMSEb

1

35

1.07 [− 0.36, 2.50], 0.14

Tsolaki 2016 [19]

 SCIRS

1

60

0.27 [− 0.36, 0.90], 0.40

Farokhnia 2014 [18]

 MoCA

1

35

1.48 [−1.15, 4.11], 0.27

Tsolaki 2016 [19]

Daily living function

 FRSSD

1

35

− 1.13 [− 3.44, 1.18], 0.34

Tsolaki 2016 [19]

 FAST

1

60

−0.03 [− 0.43, 0.37], 0.88

Farokhnia 2014 [18]

Psychiatric assessment

 NPI

1

35

−3.37 [−8.41, 1.67], 0.19

Tsolaki 2016 [19]

 GDS

1

35

0.30 [−1.99, 2.59], 0.80

Tsolaki 2016 [19]

  1. Note: *, statistically significant; 1, saffron compared with conventional medicine; 2, saffron compared with placebo; a, comparison of the changes from baseline to the end point between saffron and conventional group; b, comparison of the post scores between saffron and control group