Fig. 2

Immunohistochemical staining of P38, p-P38, JNK and p-JNK in rat synovium tissue. (A) Control group and (B) model group were treated with saline for 5 days. (C) High dose group (D) middle dose group and (E) Low group were treated with extract of RDN for 5 days, and dose amounted to 40 mg/kg, 80 mg/kg and 160 mg/kg daily, respectively. Each slide was examined at a magnification of 200 times and purple P38, p-P38, JNK and p-JNK positive cells can be found within rat synovium tissue. Images shown are a representative from three independent trials. ^###p < 0.001 vs control group (independent samples t-test), ^***p < 0.001 vs model group (one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s t-test)