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Table 1 Minimum inhibitory concentration of fractions against selected microbial strains in mg/mL

From: Flavonoids isolated from the South African weed Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) have pharmacological activity against uropathogens

Organism

Time (h)

Hexane

Chloroform

Butanol

ETAC

Water

Gent

Cipro

Amp B

E. coli (1)

–

0.08*

0.16

0.63

1.25

0.63

0.02

0.002

NA

K. pneumoniae

–

0.16

0.16

0.63

1.25

0.63

0.500

0.050

NA

E. faecalis

–

0.63

0.16

0.63

> 2.5

0.63

0.500

ND

NA

P. aeruginosa

–

0.63

0.31

0.63

1.25

0.63

0.008

ND

NA

S. aureus

–

0.16

0.16

0.63

1.25

0.16

0.008

0.063

NA

C. albicans

24

0.08*

0.63

0.63

1.25

0.63

NA

NA

0.031

 

48

0.31

2.5

> 2.5

> 2.5

> 2.5

NA

NA

0.063

A. fumigatus

48

0.31

2.5

1.25

> 2.5

1.25

NA

NA

0.031

 

72

0.31

2.5

> 2.5

> 2.5

> 2.5

NA

NA

0.063

 

120

> 2.5

> 2.5

> 2.5

> 2.5

> 2.5

NA

NA

0.125

C. neoformans

48

0.63

2.5

1.25

2.5

2.5

NA

NA

0.008

 

72

0.63

2.5

1.25

> 2.5

> 2.5

NA

NA

0.125

 

120

> 2.5

> 2.5

> 2.5

> 2.5

> 2.5

NA

NA

0.125

  1. ND not detected, NA not available, ETAC ethyl acetate, Gent gentamicin, Cipro ciprofloxacin, Amp B amphotericin B
  2. Value with asterisk are regarded as those fraction(s) with good activity