Table 1 Socio-demographic and disease-related characteristics of the study population and their association with CAM use (n = 244)a
Characteristics | Overall | CAM users | CAM non-users | p-value+ | OR (95%,CI) b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (n = 244) | 55.8 ± 12.5 | 56.9 ± 13.3 | 55.1 ± 12.0 | 0.29 | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) |
Sex (n = 244) | |||||
 Male | 86 (35.2) | 32 (33.3) | 54 (36.5) |  | 1 |
 Female | 158 (64.8) | 64 (66.7) | 94 (63.5) | 0.62 | 1.15 (0.67–1.97) |
Nationality (n = 244) | |||||
 Emirati | 113 (46.3) | 43 (44.8) | 70 (47.3) |  | 1 |
 Non-Emirati | 131 (53.7) | 53 (55.2) | 78 (52.7) | 0.70 | 1.11 (0.66–1.85) |
Religion (n = 244) | |||||
 Muslim | 236 (96.7) | 94 (97.9) | 142 (95.9) |  | 1 |
 Non-Muslim | 8 (3.3) | 2 (2.1) | 6 (4.1) | 0.41 | 0.50 (0.10–2.55) |
Marital Status (n = 244) | |||||
 Single | 24 (9.8) | 7 (7.3) | 17 (11.5) |  | 1 |
 Married | 213 (87.3) | 88 (91.7) | 125 (84.5) | 0.25 | 1.71 (0.68–4.30) |
 Widowed or Divorced | 7 (2.9) | 1 (1.0) | 6 (4.1) | 0.44 | 0.41 (0.04–4.01) |
Education (n = 244) | |||||
 Illiterate/ Primary Education | 113 (46.3) | 39 (40.6) | 74 (50.0) |  | 1 |
 Secondary Education | 99 (40.6) | 48 (50.0) | 51 (34.5) | 0.04 | 1.79 (1.03–3.10) |
 Higher Education | 32 (13.1) | 9 (9.4) | 23 (15.5) | 0.50 | 0.749 (0.31–1.76) |
Employment (n = 244) | |||||
 Unemployed | 152 (62.3) | 54 (56.3) | 98 (66.2) |  | 1 |
 Employed | 92 (37.7) | 42 (43.8) | 50 (33.8) | 0.12 | 1.52 (0.90–2.58) |
Monthly Income (n = 244) | |||||
  ≤ 5000 AED | 97 (39.8) | 37 (38.5) | 60 (40.5) |  | 1 |
 5000–10,000 AED | 107 (43.9) | 43 (44.8) | 64 (43.2) | 0.77 | 1.09 (0.62–1.91) |
  > 10,000 AED | 40 (16.4) | 16 (16.7) | 24 (16.2) | 0.84 | 1.08 (0.51–2.30) |
Presence of Health Insurance (n = 244) | |||||
 Uninsured | 66 (27.0) | 18 (18.8) | 48 (32.4) |  | 1 |
 Insured | 178 (73.0) | 78 (81.3) | 100 (67.6) | 0.02 | 2.08 (1.11–3.86) |
Diabetes related characteristics | |||||
 Duration of T2DM (n = 244) | |||||
   ≤ 10 years | 93 (38.1) | 39 (40.6) | 54 (36.5) |  | 1 |
   ≥ 11 years | 151 (61.9) | 57 (59.4) | 94 (63.5) | 0.52 | 0.84 (0.50–1.42) |
 Management of Blood Sugar Level (n = 240) | |||||
  Oral Medication | 75 (31.3) | 29 (30.9) | 46 (31.5) |  | 1 |
  Insulin | 44 (18.3) | 13 (13.8) | 31 (21.2) | 0.32 | 0.67 (0.30–1.48) |
  Diet | 121 (50.4) | 52 (55.3) | 69 (47.3) | 0.55 | 1.20 (0.66–2.15) |
 HbA1C (n = 70) | |||||
  Uncontrolled (≥6.5) | 35 (50.0) | 19 (57.6) | 16 (43.2) |  | 1 |
  Controlled (< 6.5) | 35 (50.0) | 14 (42.4) | 21 (56.8) | 0.23 | 0.56 (0.22–1.45) |
 Family history of diabetes (n = 210) | |||||
  No | 25 (11.9) | 11 (12.9) | 14 (11.2) |  | 1 |
  Yes | 185 (88.1) | 74 (87.1) | 111 (88.8) | 0.70 | 0.85 (0.37–1.97) |
 Presence of diabetes complications (n = 243) | |||||
  No | 117 (48.1) | 47 (49.5) | 70 (47.3) |  | 1 |
  Yes | 126 (51.9) | 48 (50.5) | 78 (52.7) | 0.74 | 0.92 (0.55–1.54) |
 Adhere to doctor’s recommendations (n = 244) | |||||
  No | 29 (11.9) | 15 (15.6) | 14 (9.5) |  | 1 |
  Yes | 215 (88.1) | 81 (84.4) | 134 (90.5) | 0.15 | 0.56 (0.26–1.23) |