Ethnobotanical survey, anthelmintic effects and cytotoxicity of plants used for treatment of helminthiasis in the Central and Kara regions of Togo

Ataba, Essoham; Katawa, Gnatoulma; Ritter, Manuel; Ameyapoh, Adjoa Holali; Anani, Kokou; Amessoudji, Oukoe M.; Tchadié, Pélagie Edlom; Tchacondo, Tchadjabo; Batawila, Komlan; Ameyapoh, Yaovi; Hoerauf, Achim; Layland, Laura E.; Karou, Simplice D.

doi:10.1186/s12906-020-03008-0

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Table 2 Diversity of plants used for the treatment of helminthiasis: administration route, parts and the mode of preparation

From: Ethnobotanical survey, anthelmintic effects and cytotoxicity of plants used for treatment of helminthiasis in the Central and Kara regions of Togo

Species	Family	Local name	Voucher number	Used parts	Formulation	Route	Use value
Species	Family	Local name	Voucher number	Used parts	Formulation	Route	Onchocerciasis	Lymphatic filariasis	Schistosomiasis
Acacia sieberiana Tausch.	Leguminosae	Bovom	TOGO15381	Root	Powder	Oral		0.005
Aframomum melegueta K.Schum.*	Zingiberaceae	Abaltchangai/ Kalmboa	TOGO15382	Seed	Decoction, Dough	Oral, Topical	0.030	0.036	0.025
Anacardium occidentale L.	Anacardiaceae	Atcha	TOGO15383	Bark	Decoction	Oral			0.005
Annona senegalensis Pers.	Annonaceae	Tchoyhodè/ Tchutchudè	TOGO15384	Root, Leaves, Bark	Decoction	Topical		0.015	0.005
Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch	Oxalidaceae	Kpirikpozo	TOGO15385	Whole plant	Decoction	Oral			0.005
Blighia sapida K.D.Koenig	Sapindaceae	Kpézou/ Kpèzéou	TOGO15386	Bark, Fruit, Seed, Leaves	Dough, Decoction	Oral, Topical	0.005		0.010
Bombax costatum Pellegr. & Vuillet	Bombacaceae	Folo	TOGO15387	Bark, Leaves	Decoction	Topical		0.005	0.005
Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T.Aiton	Asclepiadaceae	Tchovow	TOGO15388	Leaves, Bark, Root, Sap	Powder	Topical		0.005
Cyathula prostrata Blume	Amaranthaceae	Amatamata	TOGO15392	Leaves	Powder, Decoction	Topical
Dychrostachys cinerea R.Vig.	Leguminosae	Sozozi	TOGO15393	Leaves	Dough, Decoction	Topical
Erythrina senegalensis A.Rich.	Leguminosae	Gbingbintoukoloko/ Kpodjkpalo	TOGO15394	Root	Decoction	Oral	0.005		0.010
Flueggea virosa Baill.	Euphorbiaceae	Tchakatchaka	TOGO15397	Root, Leaves	Infusion, maceration, Decoction, Powder	Oral, Topical		0.005	0.005
Hannoa undulata Planch.	Simaroubaceae	Dgbéré	TOGO15398	Root, Bark	Infusion, Decoction	Oral, Topical		0.005
Héliotrope indicum L.	Boraginaceae	Soudjondjon, Soukoudjo	TOGO15399	Root	Powder	Oral, Topical			0.010
Hexalobus monopetalus Engl. & Diels	Annonaceae	Barakoundou	TOGO15400	Root	Infusion, Decoction Powder	Oral, Topical
Jatropha curcas L.	Euphorbiaceae	Sawkofolmo	TOGO15401	Leaves, Sap	Decoction	Oral	0.005
Khaya senegalensis A.Juss.*	Meliaceae	Frémou/ Hèmo	TOGO15402	Bark, Root, Leaves	Dough	Topical, Oral	0.020	0.015	0.036
Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth.	Bignoniaceae	Abiliou/ Limié	TOGO15403	Bark, Leaves, Root, Seed	Mashing	Oral, Topical	0.005	0.020
Landolphia hirsuta (Hua) Pichon	Apocynaceae	Low	TOGO15404	Root	Powder	Oral			0.005
Lannea barteri Engl.	Anacardiaceae	Kpatandew	TOGO15405	Bark	Decoction, Infusion	Oral			0.015
Lawsonia inermis L.	Lythraceae	Lali	TOGO15406	Leaves	Powder	Oral
Lophira lanceolata Tiegh. ex Keay	Ochnaceae	Kparakpara	TOGO15407	Leaves, Root	Dough	Topical	0.005
Ocimum canum Sims en u	Lamiaceae	Kozossognna/ Hagzao, Kosonsong	TOGO15409	Leaves, Root, Whole plant	Mashing	Ocular, Oral	0.010	0.005	0.005
Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R.Br. ex G.Don	Leguminosae	Solo	TOGO15410	Bark, Leaves, Root, Seed	Powder	Oral, Topical		0.005	0.025
Pericopsis laxiflora (Benth. ex Baker)Meeuwen	Leguminosae	Kodoléya	TOGO15411	Ro, Le, Ba, Fr	Powder	Topical, Oral			0.015
Phyllanthus muellerianus (Kuntze) Exell	Euphorbiaceae	Limbré Limbré	TOGO15412	Root, Leaves, Seed	Powder	Oral		0.005	0.010
Piper guineense Thonn.	Piperaceae	Djéyawa	TOGO15413	Seed	Powder, Decoction	Topical	0.010		0.015
Prosopis africana Taub.	Leguminosae	Kpalo	TOGO15414	Root, Bark, Leaves	Mashing	Oral		0.005	0.005
Pseudocedrela kotschyi Harms	Meliaceae	Btétéouré/ Hététéoudè	TOGO15415	Root, Bark, Leaves	Powder	Oral, Topical		0.015	0.005
Pteleopsis suberosa Engl. & Diels	Combretaceae	Sissinow/ Kizizina	TOGO15416	Root	Decoction	Oral, Topical	0.010		0.005
Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir.	Fabaceae	Tem/ Tem	TOGO15417	Leaves, Root	Maceration, Decoction, Infusion, powder	Oral		0.010
Rourea coccinea (Schumach. & Thonn.) Hook.f.	Connaraceae	Tchamalido	TOGO15418	Root	Infusion, Dough	Oral, Topical			0.015
Sarcocephalus latifolius (SM.) E.A.Bruce	Rubiaceae	Kidjithilo/ Kakayo	TOGO15419	Root, Leaves, Bark, Whole plant, Fruit	Maceration, Infusion, Decoction, Powder	Oral, Topical	0.010	0.015	0.015
Securidaca longepedunculata Fresen.	Polygalaceae	Fozi/ Bnbna	TOGO15420	Root, Bark, Leaves, Whole plants	Dough, Decoction, Infusion	Oral, Topical	0.015	0.036	0.005
Senna occidentalis (L.) Lien	Caesalpiniaceae	Ktchintchin	TOGO15421	Leaves, Root	Powder	Topical			0.005
Sida acuta Burm.f.	Malvaceae	Nbazoudou/ Kpenzalo	TOGO15422	Leaves, Whole plant	Powder	Oral, Topical			0.010
Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry	Myrtaceae	Kanafourou	TOGO15423	Root, Bark, Seed, Leaves	Decoction, Infusion	Oral	0.005		0.025
Terminalia glaucescens Planch. ex Benth.	Combretaceae	Souwo/ Simtéou	TOGO15424	Root, Leaves, Bark	Maceration	Topical
Trichilia emetica Vahl	Meliaceae	Adjendjakpézou	TOGO15425	Root, Leaves, Bark	Infusion, Dough	Ocular, Oral, Topical		0.015	0.005
Uvaria chamae P.Beauv.	Annonaceae	Doumfodou	TOGO15426	Root	Maceration	Topical		0.005	0.005
Xylopia aethiopica A.Rich.*	Annonaceae	Soozi/ Koékrabi, Soossé	TOGO15427	Fruit	Decoction, Infusion, Powder	Oral, Topical	0.020	0.061	0.061

This table presents the used values (UV), administration route, formulation of drugs from each species of plants and the scientific, local name of each plant for the treatment of onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis, schistosomiasis, dermatitis and inflammation. * show the most cited plants by the THs for the treatment of helminthiasis and selected for in vitro screening

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ISSN: 2662-7671

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