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Table 4 The PSG data at baseline and after acupuncture treatment in different groups

From: Effectiveness and cerebral responses of multi-points acupuncture for primary insomnia: a preliminary randomized clinical trial and fMRI study

 

S-Acu group

M-Acu group

N-Acu group

Baseline

Post-treatment

Baseline

Post-treatment

Baseline

Post-treatment

WASO (minutes)

198.58 ± 89.64

179.06 ± 76.58

203.57 ± 73.54

154.84 ± 91.19a

214.24 ± 68.41

228.27 ± 67.80

TST (minutes)

248.05 ± 91.77

288.25 ± 76.51b

247.50 ± 76.03

319.90 ± 92.51a

236.80 ± 72.25

247.56 ± 66.50

SE (%)

55.44 ± 20.39

61.70 ± 16.25

54.79 ± 16.66

67.34 ± 19.33a

52.37 ± 15.53

52.06 ± 14.12

AI

27.12 ± 12.72

21.51 ± 11.01

27.58 ± 10.77

21.16 ± 9.71a

26.77 ± 10.34

22.86 ± 11.57

N1 (minutes)

40.80 ± 30.49

38.41 ± 22.61

36.94 ± 20.67

38.27 ± 24.70

37.49 ± 25.97

35.37 ± 23.34

N2 (minutes)

62.21 ± 49.88

60.64 ± 52.78

60.53 ± 63.38

76.99 ± 68.21

52.45 ± 53.97

58.77 ± 47.42

N3 (minutes)

74.99 ± 48.69

85.64 ± 48.11

66.98 ± 45.07

98.26 ± 47.43a

69.80 ± 36.80

63.08 ± 33.05

R (minutes)

70.05 ± 45.01

103.56 ± 44.18a

83.05 ± 52.23

106.38 ± 44.79b

77.06 ± 41.47

90.34 ± 42.93

  1. aP < 0.01 (compared with baseline); bP < 0.05 (compared with baseline); WASO wake after sleep onset, TST total sleep time, SE sleep efficient, AI arousal index, N1 first stage of non-rapid eye movement sleep, N2 second stage of non-rapid eye movement sleep, N3 third stage of non-rapid eye movement sleep, R sleep stage of rapid eye movement, S-Acu group single acupoint group, M-Acu group multi-acupoints group, N-Acu group non-acupoint group