Complementary and alternative medicine use among outpatients during the 2015 MERS outbreak in South Korea: a cross-sectional study

Table 5 Multivariate logistic regression analysis for determining factors affecting CAM use during MERS

Variables	OR	95% CI	p-value
Gender
Male	1	Ref
Female	1.328	0.506–3.486	0.564
Age (years)
≤ 39	1	Ref
40–49	2.753	1.121–6.761	0.027
≥ 50	3.574	1.290–9.905	0.014
Religion
No	1	Ref
Yes	1.387	0.678–2.837	0.370
Marital status
Married	1	Ref
Single	1.321	0.546–3.199	0.537
Occupation
Not employed	1	Ref
Self-employed	2.275	0.806–6.423	0.121
Office worker	0.763	0.283–2.054	0.592
Professional	1.274	0.459–3.533	0.642
Smoking status
No	1	Ref
Yes	0.610	0.240–1.553	0.300
Alcohol drinking
No	1	Ref
Yes	1.389	0.566–3.406	0.473
Prior CAM use
No	1	Ref
Yes	20.450	8.335–50.176	< 0.001
Concern about no treatment modality available for MERSª
Low	1	Ref
Moderate	1.204	0.425–3.407	0.727
High	1.625	0.612–4.310	0.330
Trust in the government response
Appropriate	1	Ref
Inappropriate	2.547	1.189–5.458	0.016
No opinion	1.170	0.420–3.263	0.764
Perceived danger of MERS outbreak on health^b
Low	1	Ref
Moderate	0.850	0.228–2.844	0.736
High	1.066	0.298–3.816	0.922
Frequent hand washing during the outbreak
No	1	Ref
Yes	2.017	0.922–4.413	0.079
Refraining from physical contact with others
No	1	Ref
Yes	2.029	0.727–5.659	0.176

ª Participants were asked to rate their degree of concern (1 = Not at all, 5 = Very much)
^b Participants were asked to rate their self-perceived danger of the MERS on health (1 = Not at all, 5 = Very much)