Fig. 5

Pao extract inhibited NFκB signaling pathway in human BPH tissues. a Schematic diagram of the ex vivo BPH explant culture process. BPH explants were treated with 0, 250, 500 μg/ml Pao extract for 48 h. b The phosphorylation of RelA and protein expression levels of pro-apoptotic and inflammation-associated genes survival-associated proteins (PDCD4 and DDIT3/CHOP) were analyzed by Western blotting in BPH explants with Pao extract treatment. c The mRNA expression levels of target genes from NFκB signaling pathway, pro-apoptotic and inflammation-associated genes in BPH explants with Pao extract treatment by qRT-PCR. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and ns p ≥ 0.05