The ameliorative effect of monotropein, astragalin, and spiraeoside on oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondrial signaling pathway in varicocelized rats

Table 4 Effect of MAS 200 on biomarkers of blood and serum hormone concentration in varicocele-induced male SD rats

Parameter	CTR	MAS 200	VC	VC + MAS 200
Serum testosterone (ng/ml)	1.76 ± 0.21	2.87 ± 1.04	1.05 ± 0.15	3.34 ± 0.45^#
Serum LH (mIU/ml)	30.47 ± 2.63	22.97 ± 1.18	61.23 ± 3.83^***	23.27 ± 1.33^###
Serum FSH (ng/ml)	3.12 ± 0.26	4.15 ± 0.43	7.44 ± 0.39^***	4.81 ± 0.35^##
WBC (× 10³/μL)	8.18 ± 0.32	7.70 ± 0.36	8.10 ± 0.44	7.61 ± 0.53
RBC (× 10⁴/μL)	7.92 ± 0.13	7.94 ± 0.10	7.83 ± 0.07	7.72 ± 0.14
Hb (g/dL)	14.13 ± 0.16	13.57 ± 0.42	13.96 ± 0.40	13.73 ± 0.48
Hct (%)	43.60 ± 0.46	41.83 ± 0.43	43.19 ± 0.47	42.94 ± 0.44
AST (IU/L)	118.70 ± 13.53	128.80 ± 13.88	129.00 ± 8.05	115.40 ± 9.34
ALT (IU/L)	54.10 ± 6.51	56.20 ± 3.41	45.40 ± 2.49	45.60 ± 1.93

Data are presented in mean ± SEM. The differences were tested by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test; n = 10 for each group. ^*Significant at P < 0.05; ^** Significant at P < 0.01; ^*** Significant at P < 0.001- versus CTR group; ^#Significant at P < 0.05; ^##Significant at P < 0.01; ^###Significant at P < 0.001- versus VC group. CTR control, MAS 200 MAS 200 mg/kg p.o., VC varicocele, VC + MAS 200 MAS 200 mg/kg p.o., LH luteinizing hormone, FSH follicle stimulating hormone, WBC white blood cell, RBC red blood cell, Hb hemoglobin, Hct hematocrit, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, p.o. per oral, ANOVA analysis of variance, SEM standard error of the mean

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