References | Experimental model | Treatment | Outcome measures | Results | Conclusion |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cutaneous Incisional Wound | |||||
Gomaa et al. 2017 [25] | Incisional wound in Balb/C mice. | 3% (w/w) thymoquinone (TQ) loaded into nanofiber. | 1. Wound area measurement. 2. Histopathology assessment. | Treatment with TQ improve wound closure and tissue healing. | TQ-loaded nanofiber shows potential to be used for wound dressing. |
Han et al. 2017 [35] | Full thickness wound in Wistar rats. | 50% topical Nigella sativa (NS) cream. | 1. Wound contraction. 2. Biochemical analysis. 3. Histological evaluation. | Treatment with NS cream increases wound contraction rate and antioxidant activity but have no effect in tissue granulation. | NS heals via its antioxidant effect in full thickness wound. |
Cutaneous Burn Wound | |||||
Sulaiman et al. 2014 [48] | Burn wound model in albino rats | Topical micro-emulsion of 5% NS honey and 5% of its propolis. | 1. Wound contraction. | Treatment of NS honey and its propolis increases wound contraction rate. | Microemulsion of NS honey and propolis contribute to faster burn wound healing. |
Selcuk et al. 2013 [29] | Burn wound model in Sprague-Dawley rats | 2 mg/kg/day oral TQ or 0.5% topical TQ. | 1. Histological assessment. 2. Total antioxidant state. 3. Total oxidative stress. 4. Bacterial assessment | Topical treatment of TQ was superior compared to oral TQ in improving wound histology, enhancing antioxidant activity, and reducing bacterial growth. | Topical TQ is superior to oral TQ in improving wound healing. |
Yaman et al. 2010 [34] | Burn wound model in male, Wistar-albino rats. | 50% topical NS oil (NSO). | 1. Gross morphology of the wound. 2. Histological evaluation. | Treatment with NSO reduces inflammation and demonstrated better tissue granulation in wound. | NSO has been shown to promote faster burn wound healing. |
Cutaneous Diabetic Wound | |||||
Yusmin & Ahmad 2017 [26] | Chronic delayed wound in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. | 10% topical TQ. | 1. Wound contraction. 2. Histological evaluation. | Treatment with TQ increased healing and reduced inflammatory cells and fibroblast at day 3. However, wound improvement declines on day 7 and day 14. | TQ heals faster in inflammatory phase but slower during the proliferative phase due to its antiangiogenic properties |
Corneal Wound | |||||
Salem et al. 2016[27] | Formaldehyde-induced corneal toxicity in albino rats. | 40 mg/kg/day oral NSO | 1. Histological evaluation. | Treatment with NSO reverses formaldehyde-induced pathological changes. | NSO shown to resolved corneal injury induced by formaldehyde toxicity |