Fig. 5

Effect of SEE, and FSEE on induction of caspase-independent apoptosis in HepG2 cells. Cells were treated with SEE, and FSEE for 24 h. a After 24 h, total cell lysates were subjected to detect expression of apoptosis-related proteins in HepG2 cells. Cells were pretreated with 2 μM AIF inhibitor (N-PM) for 2 h, and then incubated with 300 μg/mL of SEE, and 200–300 μg/mL of FSEE for 24 h. b Effect of the AIF inhibitor on SEE, and FSEE-induced cell death in HepG2 cells was examined by SRB assay. Data values were expressed as mean ± SD of triplicate determinations. Significant differences were compared with control at *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 using one-way ANOVA