Table 1 Baseline characteristics for the acupuncture in routine care (ARC) patients by the treatment groups randomized acupuncture (ACU) and non-randomized acupuncture (NR-ACU)
Patient characteristics | ACU n = 5831 mean ± sd / n (%) | NR-ACU n = 38,987 mean ± sd / n (%) | Total n = 44,818 mean ± sd / n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age in years | 48.1 ± 13.8 | 48.5 ± 14.1 | 48.5 ± 14.1 |
Gender | |||
Male | 1883 (32.3) | 12,688 (32.5) | 14,571 (32.5) |
Female | 3948 (67.7) | 26,299 (67.5) | 30,247 (67.5) |
Graduation in school (available data n = 42,648) | |||
9 years | 1799 (31.9) | 11,398 (30.8) | 13,197 (30.9) |
10 years | 1672 (29.6) | 10,227 (27.6) | 11,899 (27.9) |
12/13 years | 1945 (34.5) | 13,886 (37.5) | 15,831 (37.1) |
No graduation | 47 (0.8) | 234 (0.6) | 281 (0.7) |
Still going to school | 23 (0.4) | 143 (0.4) | 166 (0.4) |
Other graduation | 154 (2.7) | 1120 (3.0) | 1274 (3.0) |
Highest educational degree (available data n = 41,941) | |||
Apprenticeship | 1858 (33.5) | 11,612 (31.9) | 13,470 (32.1) |
Technical school | 628 (11.3) | 4318 (11.9) | 4946 (11.8) |
Technical college | 981 (17.7) | 6175 (17.0) | 7156 (17.1) |
University of applied sciences | 685 (12.3) | 4874 (13.4) | 5559 (13.3) |
University/college | 745 (13.4) | 5481 (15.1) | 6226 (14.8) |
No degree | 301 (5.4) | 1797 (4.9) | 2098 (5.0) |
Still in apprenticeship or | 212 (3.8) | 1164 (3.2) | 1376 (3.3) |
universityOther degree | 141 (2.5) | 969 (2.7) | 1110 (2.6) |
Occupational status (available data n = 43,909) | |||
Employee | 3442 (59.9) | 22,687 (59.4) | 26,129 (59.5) |
Self-employed | 239 (4.2) | 1905 (5.0) | 2144 (4.9) |
Unemployed | 441 (7.7) | 2235 (5.9) | 2676 (6.1) |
Welfare recipient | 17 (0.3) | 134 (0.4) | 151 (0.3) |
Student | 123 (2.1) | 901 (2.4) | 1024 (2.3) |
Pensioner | 1295 (22.5) | 8940 (23.4) | 10,235 (23.3) |
Others | 189 (3.3) | 1361 (3.6) | 1550 (3.5) |
Living situation (available data n = 42,615) | |||
Multiperson household | 4739 (84.1) | 30,960 (83.7) | 35,699 (83.8) |
Single person household | 898 (15.9) | 6018 (16.3) | 6916 (16.2) |
Diagnosis | |||
Headache | 1571 (26.9) | 11,545 (29.6) | 13,116 (29.3) |
Asthma/allergic rhinitis | 671 (11.5) | 5342 (13.7) | 6013 (13.4) |
Low back pain | 1449 (24.8) | 8532 (21.9) | 9981 (22.3) |
Neck pain | 1753 (30.1) | 10,392 (26.7) | 12,145 (27.1) |
Dysmenorrhea | 101 (1.7) | 448 (1.1) | 549 (1.2) |
Arthritis | 286 (4.9) | 2728 (7.0) | 3014 (6.7) |
Health insurance status (available data n = 43,909) | |||
Member | 4447 (77.4) | 29,199 (76.5) | 33,646 (76.6) |
Spouse | 1202 (20.9) | 8256 (21.6) | 9458 (21.5) |
Child | 97 (1.7) | 708 (1.9) | 805 (1.8) |
Health insurance type (available data n = 43,909) | |||
Mandatory insured | 3644 (63.4) | 22,598 (59.2) | 26,242 (59.8) |
Voluntary insured | 2102 (36.6) | 15,565 (40.8) | 17,667 (40.2) |