Rosmarinic acid improves hypertension and skeletal muscle glucose transport in angiotensin II-treated rats

Table 1 Animal characteristics and glycemic control in SHAM and ANG II-treated rats and in ANG II-treated rats following acute administration of RA at 10, 20, or 40 mg/kg

	SHAM			ANG II				RA-10a				RA-20a				RA-40a
Body weight (g)
Initial weight	373.55	±	5.58	372.25	±	5.83		364.41	±	9.07		365.47	±	7.23		368.03	±	5.48
Final weight (BW)	408.53	±	6.34	366.40	±	13.23	*	358.02	±	9.77	*	362.86	±	9.28	*	358.94	±	9.18	*
Liver weight (LW; g)	10.80	±	0.31	9.30	±	0.20	*	9.25	±	0.25	*	9.66	±	0.50	*	9.93	±	0.50	*
LW/kg BW (g/kg)	26.96	±	0.85	27.04	±	0.86		26.67	±	0.58		27.86	±	0.82		28.01	±	0.85
Heart weight (HW; g)	1.12	±	0.04	1.26	±	0.02		1.27	±	0.04		1.29	±	0.04		1.31	±	0.03
HW/kg BW (g/kg)	2.81	±	0.07	3.67	±	0.17	*	3.66	±	0.11	*	3.75	±	0.13	*	3.71	±	0.12	*
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l)	6.81	±	0.07	8.35	±	0.45	*§	8.29	±	0.25	*§	8.33	±	0.38	*§	7.18	±	0.32
Fasting plasma insulin (mU/l)	39.74	±	2.67	35.46	±	6.61		28.03	±	3.83		34.37	±	4.51		33.23	±	4.80
HOMA-IR	11.96	±	1.18	13.10	±	3.14		10.62	±	1.49		12.99	±	2.24		10.40	±	1.83
Glucose AUC (mg/ml/min*10⁴)	1.85	±	0.04	2.19	±	0.15		2.32	±	0.22		2.46	±	0.18		2.34	±	0.13
Insulin AUC (μU/ml/min*10³)	7.32	±	0.66	5.31	±	0.47	*	4.48	±	0.68	*	5.08	±	0.67	*	4.78	±	0.51	*
G-I index (μU/ml/minmg/ml/min10⁷)	13.90	±	1.40	12.33	±	1.70		9.77	±	1.98		11.71	±	1.67		10.66	±	1.22

*P < 0.05 vs. SHAM group; § P < 0.05 vs. RA-40a group. HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance; G-I index: glucose-insulin index

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