Fig. 2

Plant extracts modulate the increased cAMP concentrations caused by the addition of cholera toxin to cell cultures. Bioluminescent assay showing the differences (ΔRLU) between cAMP production by fibroblasts treated only with plant extracts (2.5 mg/mL agrimony, blackberry leaf, raspberry leaf, wild strawberry leaf, gallic acid and 10 mg/mL rosehip) and fibroblasts treated with plant extracts and CTX (25 nM) (white). As a control, the difference between untreated and CTX treated cells is shown (grey). Values are mean ± standard error of three independent assays. * p < 0.0023, compared with control