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Table 4 Neem cream minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MIC & MBC)

From: Inhibitory effects of Azadirachta indica secondary metabolites formulated cosmetics on some infectious pathogens and oxidative stress radicals

Test Pathogens

Neem cream

Controls

NMC

NMLC a

NMSBC b

NMLSBC c

Ciprofloxacin d

Water e

MIC

mg /mL

MBC

mg / mL

MIC

mg/mL

MBC

mg /mL

MIC

mg /mL

MBC

mg /mL

MIC

mg /mL

MBC

mg/mL

MIC

mg/mL

MBC

mg / mL

MIC

(500 μL)

L. ivanovii

0.800 ± 0.03

0.800 ± 0.01 VG

0.400 ± 0.02

0.800 ± 0.01 NG

0.400 ± 0.02

0.800 ± 0.01 NG

0.400 ± 0.02

0.400 ± 0.02 NG

0.012 ± 0.001

0.050 ± 0.01 NG

VG

S. aureus

0.800 ± 0.02

0.800 ± 0.03 VG

0.800 ± 0.04

0.800 ± 0.02 VG

0.800 ± 0.03

0.800 ± 0.03 NG

0.400 ± 0.03

0.800 ± 0.02 NG

0.050 ± 0.001

0.050 ± 0.04 NG

V G

M. smegmatis

0.800 ± 0.01

0.800 ± 0.02 VG

0.400 ± 0.02

0.800 ± 0.03 NG

0.800 ± 0.02

0.800 ± 0.01 NG

0.400 ± 0.04

0.800 ± 0.02 NG

0.05 ± 0.02

0.100 ± 0.02 NG

V G

E. coli 180*

0.800 ± 0.03

0.800 ± 0.03 VG

0.800 ± 0.01

0.800 ± 0.02 VG

0.800 ± 0.01

0.800 ± 0.01 VG

0.800 ± 0.02

0.800 ± 0.04 VG

0.050 ± 0.01

0.050 ± 0.02 NG

V G

V.paraheam-olyticues *

0.800 ± 0.02

0.800 ± 0.03 VG

0.800 ± 0.01

0.800 ± 0.00 VG

0.800 ± 0.11

0.800 ± 0.03 VG

0.800 ± 0.04

0.800 ± 0.03 VG

0.050 ± 0.01

0.050 ± 0.03 NG

VG

E. cloacae

0.800 ± 0. 02

0.800 ± 0.04 NG

0.800 ± 0.12

0.800 ± 0.03 NG

0.400 ± 0. 02

0.800 ± 0.01 NG

0.400 ± 0.02

0.800 ± 0.04 NG

0.012 ± 0.001

0.012 ± 0.00 NG

ND

S. uberis

0.800 ± 0.02

0.800 ± 0.01 VG

0.800 ± 0.01

0.800 ± 0.03 VG

0.800 ± 0.03

0.800 ± 0.02 NG

0.400 ± 0.01

0.800 ± 0.04 NG

0.050 ± 0.01

0.050 ± 0.04 NG

ND

  1. NMS neem cream without neem EO
  2. a NMLC = neem cream with leaf EO, NMSBC = neem cream with stem-bark neem EO
  3. cNMLSBC = neem soap with leaf EO and stem-bark EO
  4. d amphotericin B = positive control
  5. eWater = negative control, P < 0.05
  6. * confirmed bacterial resistant strains