Table 1 Subject Characteristics

Female

43.64%

49.18%

Age [mean (sd)] (years)

73.25 (13.29)

72.64 (13.23)

Body Mass Index [mean (sd)] (kg/m²)

32.98 (9.05)

30.31 (8.41)

 Caucasian

81.82%

75.41%

 Black

18.18%

19.67%

 American Indian or Alaska Native

0%

3.28%

 Other

0%

1.64%

Hispanic Ethnicity

0.00%

8.20%

Diabetes

60.38%

58.33%

 None

49.06%

45.76%

 Oral Only

26.42%

18.64%

 Insulin Only

18.87%

28.81%

 Insulin and Oral

5.66%

6.78%

 MI

26.92%

50.88%

 CAD

38.46%

52.63%

 Angina

21.15%

27.27%

Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF)

[mean (sd)]

43.01% (18.99%)

40.84% (19.16%)

LVEF ≥50%

48.15%

42.86%

 1

0.00%

1.69%

 2

17.31%

13.56%

 3

73.08%

67.80%

 4

9.62%

16.95%

 1

5.77%

3.51%

 2

11.54%

17.54%

 3

63.46%

61.40%

 4

19.23%

17.54%

 NT-proBNP (ng/mL)

5555 (6845)

8656 (12,780)

   ≤ 1500

22.22%

17.46%

  1501–4000

38.89%

42.86%

  4001–10,000

22.22%

12.70%

   ≥ 10,001

16.67%

26.98%

  Hgb (g/dL)

11.97 (1.75)

11.79 (1.65)

  Hct (%)

37.34 (5.13)

36.67 (4.80)

  Na (mEq/L)

138.78 (5.17)

138.70 (3.64)

  K (mEq/L)

4.42 (1.07)

4.37 (0.89)

  Glu (mg/dL)

163.81 (78.39)

155.43 (88.56)

  Cl (mEq/L)

100.98 (6.27)

101.90 (4.55)

  CO₂ (mEq/L)

26.54 (5.22)

25.98 (5.01)

  BUN (mg/dL)

30.29 (17.16)

30.83 (16.54)

  Cr (mg/dL)

1.37 (0.58)

1.32 (0.56)

  Troponin 1 (mg/mL)

0.03 (0.05)

0.03 (0.04)

  Troponin 2 (mg/mL)

0.04 (0.07)

0.04 (0.06)

  HbA1c (%)

6.93 (1.27)

6.94 (1.70)

  Mg (mEq/L)

1.69 (0.29)

1.67 (0.28)

  Thiamine (whole blood) (nmol/L)

125.06 (33.86)

125.44 (36.18)

  Thiamine (plasma) (nmol/L)

27.40 (17.35)

30.80 (34.10)

  Free fatty acid (mEg/L)

0.46 (0.29)

0.46 (0.33)

 Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

140.64 (29.77)

131.68 (34.13)

 Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

71.49 (17.38)

66.15 (17.53)

 Heart rate (beats/min)

82.50 (17.06)

79.94 (16.94)

Initial Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) (L/min)

200.13 (96.65)

173.76 (77.68)