Antinociceptive activity of petroleum ether fraction obtained from methanolic extract of Clinacanthus nutans leaves involves the activation of opioid receptors and NO-mediated/cGMP-independent pathway

Table 1 Antinociceptive effects of PECN assessed using the hot plate test in mice

Group	Dose (mg/kg)	Latency of discomfort(s) at respective time interval (min)
Group	Dose (mg/kg)	0 min	60 min	90 min	120 min	150 min	180 min	210 min
10% DMSO		6.29 ± 0.15	6.88 ± 0.29	6.89 ± 0.31	6.28 ± 0.12	6.76 ± 0.43	6.67 ± 0.33	6.46 ± 0.12
PECN	100	6.41 ± 0.40	8.95 ± 0.87^*a	8.23 ± 0.35^*a	8.38 ± 0.48^*a	8.11 ± 0.66^*a	8.41 ± 0.58^*a	7.57 ± 0.63
	250	5.70 ± 0.16	9.71 ± 0.84^#b	8.29 ± 0.40^#b	8.92 ± 0.50^#ba	8.17 ± 0.33^*b	7.77 ± 0.31^*a	7.89 ± 0.28^*a
	500	6.37 ± 0.18	10.28 ± 0.72^§c	9.52 ± 0.47^#b	8.96 ± 0.23^#a	9.47 ± 0.31^#b	9.55 ± 0.40^#b	9.06 ± 0.51^#b
MOR	5	6.02 ± 0.15	17.00 ± 0.90^§c	18.42 ± 0.47^§c	17.25 ± 0.93^§c	13.47 ± 1.31^§c	11.87 ± 1.04^§c	11.15 ± 0.71^§c

Data expressed are the mean ± SEM of reaction time (sec) of six mice
Statistical analysis was performed using two–way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test
^*p < 0.05, ^#p < 0.01, ^§p < 0.001, compared to control group within the respective column
^ap < 0.05, ^bp < 0.01, ^cp < 0.001, compared to control group within the respective row
DMSO Dimetyl sulfoxide, PECN Petroleum ether extract of C. nutans, MOR morphine
Mice were treated (p.o) with vehicle (10 mL/kg), PECN (100, 250, 500 mg/kg), or MOR (5 mg/kg) for 60 mins prior to subjection to the test

ISSN: 2662-7671