Fig. 2

Antinocicpetive effect of PECN assessed using the formalin–induced paw licking in mice (a) Early phase; (b) late phase. Animals were treated with vehicle (10 mL/kg, po), ASA (100 mg/kg, po), PECN (100, 250, 500 mg/kg, po), or MOR (5 mg/kg, po) 60 min before intraplantar administration of formalin (5% in normal saline; 20 μL) into the right hind paw. Each column represents the mean ± SEM of six mice. Statistical analyses were performed using one–way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test. ^***p < 0.001 compared to control group. Values in parentheses denote percentage of inhibition