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Fig. 3 | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Fig. 3

From: Effects of unaltered and bioconverted mulberry leaf extracts on cellular glucose uptake and antidiabetic action in animals

Fig. 3

Effect of two marker compounds (a) and unaltered mulberry leaf extract (MLE) and bioconverted mulberry leaf extract (BMLE) (b) on AKT phosphorylation in insulin-stimulated C2C12 myotubes. Cells were incubated in serum-starved DMEM for 1 h and then treated with two marker compounds, MLE, BMLE, or rosiglitazone as a positive control for 1 h. The medium was changed to Krebs-Ringer phosphate-HEPES buffer containing two marker compounds, MLE, BMLE or rosiglitazone for 30 min. Thereafter, 100 nM insulin was treated for 30 min. Cells were lysed and proteins were employed by SDS-PAGE followed by Western blotting using primary antibodies targeting anti-phospho AKT, AKT and β-actin. The data depicted in bar graph expressed as the means ± SEM are an average of three similar and independent experiments and gel images are of representative blots. * P < 0.05 and ** P < 0.01 versus insulin-stimulated cells with no treatment; # P < 0.05 versus insulin-stimulated cells treated with MLE

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