Groups | Malonaldehyde (nmol/mg protein) | Protein carbonyl (nmol/mg protein) | Total antioxidant capacity (nmol/mg protein) |
---|---|---|---|
Non-DM | 0.844 (0.173) | 1.196 (0.039) | 0.393 (0.046) |
DM | 3.322 (0.442)a | 3.510 (0.331)a | 0.158 (0.029)a |
DM + Propolis | 1.147 (0.456)b | 2.087 (0.339)a, b | 0.249 (0.028)a, b |
DM + Insulin | 1.116 (0.220)b | 2.496 (0.428)a, b | 0.215 (0.018)a, b |
DM + Combined | 1.026 (0.338)b | 1.967 (0.371)a,b,c | 0.295 (0.040)a,b,d |