Measurements | Stage | Days | Group A n = 36 mean (SD) | Group B n = 37 mean (SD) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Weight, kg | 1 | 0 | 70.6 (11.4) | 67.8 (9.1) | 0.25 |
1 | 42 | 70.4 (11.5) | 67.7 (9.2) | 0.28 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.45 | 0.58 |  |
2 | 56 | 70.5 (11.2) | 68.0 (9.3) | 0.30 | |
2 | 98 | 68.4 (15.5) | 67.6 (9.3) | 0.80 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.27 | 0.13 |  |
Body Mass Index, kg/m2 | 1 | 0 | 29.1 (4.9) | 27.9 (3.3) | 0.26 |
1 | 42 | 28.9 (4.9) | 27.9 (3.3) | 0.29 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.44 | 0.60 |  |
2 | 56 | 29.0 (4.8) | 28.0 (3.4) | 0.32 | |
2 | 98 | 28.1 (6.6) | 27.8 (3.4) | 0.81 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.27 | 0.11 |  |
Waist Circumference (WC), cm | 1 | 0 | 89.7 (12.4) | 86.6 (9.5) | 0.23 |
1 | 42 | 90.0 (11.3) | 87.2 (8.2) | 0.22 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.66 | 0.40 |  |
2 | 56 | 89.2 (10.7) | 87.8 (9.6) | 0.55 | |
2 | 98 | 89.8 (10.1) | 87.4 (9.5) | 0.29 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.27 | 0.57 |  |
Hip Circumference (HC), cm | 1 | 0 | 100.8 (8.8) | 99.5 (6.6) | 0.48 |
1 | 42 | 101.1 (8.7) | 99.5 (6.6) | 0.38 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.57 | 0.93 |  |
2 | 56 | 100.7 (8.7) | 100.5 (7.2) | 0.91 | |
2 | 98 | 101.0 (9.0) | 98.9 (7.6) | 0.29 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.38 | 0.01 |  |
Waist hip ratio | 1 | 0 | 0.89 (0.07) | 0.87 (0.06) | 0.24 |
1 | 42 | 0.89 (0.06) | 0.88 (0.06) | 0.36 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.78 | 0.28 |  |
2 | 56 | 0.88 (0.05) | 0.87 (0.06) | 0.41 | |
2 | 98 | 0.89 (0.05) | 0.88 (0.06) | 0.65 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.44 | 0.21 |  |
Fasting blood sugar, mg/dL | 1 | 0 | 105.2 (23.8) | 114.9 (49.0) | 0.29 |
1 | 42 | 102.8 (18.7) | 106.4 (28.6) | 0.53 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.37 | 0.047 |  |
2 | 56 | 103.4 (22.0) | 103.1 (22.0) | 0.96 | |
2 | 98 | 103.1 (26.2) | 106.2 (26.9) | 0.62 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.90 | 0.23 |  |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 1 | 0 | 218.8 (42.4) | 229.6 (30.3) | 0.21 |
1 | 42 | 213.3 (41.4) | 226.2 (25.9) | 0.12 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.13 | 0.47 |  |
2 | 56 | 220.3 (46.3) | 224.8 (31.9) | 0.62 | |
2 | 98 | 220.3 (40.3) | 217.6 (27.7) | 0.74 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 1.00 | 0.05 |  |
Triglyceride, mg/dL | 1 | 0 | 147.4 (57.4) | 152.6 (57.7) | 0.70 |
1 | 42 | 144.4 (59.7) | 152.5 (66.1) | 0.58 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.72 | 1.00 |  |
2 | 56 | 134.9 (53.4) | 138.5 (49.5) | 0.77 | |
2 | 98 | 142.8 (47.3) | 150.4 (53.3) | 0.52 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.32 | 0.10 |  |
High density lipoprotein (HDL), mg/dL | 1 | 0 | 50.9 (12.1) | 53.8 (15.3) | 0.38 |
1 | 42 | 50.1 (10.5) | 53.6 (12.1) | 0.19 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.39 | 0.88 |  |
2 | 56 | 50.0 (11.2) | 53.6 (12.5) | 0.19 | |
2 | 98 | 50.4 (11.2) | 53.7 (12.5) | 0.25 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.64 | 0.98 |  |
Low density lipoprotein (LDL), mg/dL | 1 | 0 | 142.3 (37.2) | 149.3 (23.6) | 0.34 |
1 | 42 | 135.3 (39.8) | 145.8 (22.8) | 0.17 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.05 | 0.38 |  |
2 | 56 | 142.7 (41.6) | 145.5 (29.4) | 0.74 | |
2 | 98 | 141.9 (34.4) | 136.9 (26.2) | 0.49 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.84 | 0.01 |  |
Insulin, IU/L | 1 | 0 | 17.3 (14.4) | 16.0 (10.9) | 0.66 |
1 | 42 | 13.9 (6.6) | 15.9 (9.3) | 0.31 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.14 | 0.97 |  |
2 | 56 | 15.3 (6.2) | 15.2 (9.4) | 0.94 | |
2 | 98 | 16.3 (7.7) | 16.5 (14.3) | 0.95 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.30 | 0.38 |  |
HOMA-IR index | 1 | 0 | 4.7 (5.3) | 4.7 (3.8) | 0.94 |
1 | 42 | 3.4 (1.6) | 4.3 (3.4) | 0.19 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.17 | 0.63 |  |
2 | 56 | 3.8 (1.7) | 3.9 (2.4) | 0.89 | |
2 | 98 | 4.2 (2.3) | 4.5 (4.4) | 0.72 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.26 | 0.25 |  |
Adiponectin, ug/mL | 1 | 0 | 12.1 (7.7) | 14.7 (8.7) | 0.18 |
1 | 42 | 13.3 (6.0) | 16.1 (8.3) | 0.10 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.14 | 0.02 |  |
2 | 56 | 13.3 (8.6) | 15.8 (7.9) | 0.20 | |
2 | 98 | 10.8 (4.8) | 14.6 (9.0) | 0.03 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.02 | 0.15 |  |
Ghrelin, pg/mL | 1 | 0 | 555.9 (330.4) | 523.0 (298.5) | 0.66 |
1 | 42 | 481.9 (173.0) | 531.5 (225.8) | 0.30 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.20 | 0.87 |  |
2 | 56 | 427.9 (146.6) | 450.1 (149.3) | 0.52 | |
2 | 98 | 357.5 (90.4) | 370.5 (119.8) | 0.60 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.01 | 0.01 |  |
Leptin, ng/mL | 1 | 0 | 18.5 (13.9) | 17.3 (10.6) | 0.68 |
1 | 42 | 19.3 (14.1) | 15.1 (7.2) | 0.12 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.75 | 0.15 |  |
2 | 56 | 15.1 (9.4) | 14.1 (7.1) | 0.60 | |
2 | 98 | 14.4 (10.2) | 14.5 (7.7) | 0.97 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.57 | 0.72 |  |
Apolipoprotein A1, mg/dL | 1 | 0 | 165.8 (29.2) | 178.2 (38.1) | 0.12 |
1 | 42 | 166.0 (33.7) | 171.6 (34.4) | 0.48 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.97 | 0.16 |  |
2 | 56 | 175.6 (34.5) | 184.8 (35.6) | 0.27 | |
2 | 98 | 174.1 (36.8) | 180.5 (34.2) | 0.44 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.69 | 0.36 |  |
Apolipoprotein B100, mg/dL | 1 | 0 | 117.8 (25.6) | 120.8 (15.2) | 0.54 |
1 | 42 | 117.5 (28.2) | 120.4 (18.3) | 0.61 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.91 | 0.88 |  |
2 | 56 | 123.8 (31.4) | 125.1 (21.8) | 0.85 | |
2 | 98 | 121.9 (27.7) | 118.9 (19.1) | 0.58 | |
 p-value for paired t-test |  |  | 0.55 | 0.02 |  |