Fig. 4

Effect of DRVE, FRVE, FFRVE on cellular lipid accumulation and lipogenesis in OA-induced HepG2 cells. Cells were co-treated with OA and 400 μg/ml of DRVE, FRVE, FFRVE for 24 h. a Cells were stained with ORO as described in the materials and methods and then quantitatively analyzed. ORO staining image (magnification 400×), (##) p < 0.01 (in comparison to the non-OA treated control), * and ** represent significant differences (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) with respect to the OA-treated control. b Determination of the expression of AMPK, SREBP-1 and PPARα by western blotting analysis. Quantitative protein levels were shown. (##) p < 0.01, and (###) p < 0.001 (in comparison to the non-OA-treated control). (∗∗) p < 0.01 and (∗∗∗) p < 0.001 (in comparison to the OA-treated control). c Total intracellular TG was analyzed by an enzymatic colorimetric method. Data are represented as the mean ± SD of three experiments. (###) p < 0.001 (in comparison to the non-OA treated control). (∗∗) p < 0.01 and (∗∗∗) p < 0.001 (in comparison to the OA-treated control)