Fig. 5

Assessment of the cytotoxic effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum (Helba), Cassia acutifolia (Holoul), and Rhazya stricta (Harmal) extracts on HepG2 in vitro. a MTT assay results of HepG2 cells viability after treatment with increasing concentrations of Helba and Holoul for 24 h. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.001, ***P < 0.0001 b MTT assay results of HepG2 cells viability after treatment with increasing concentrations of R. stricta extract for 24 h. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.001, ***P < 0.0001 c Assessment of morphological changes of HepG2 cells after treatment with increasing concentrations of R. stricta extract for 24 h. Cells were fixed and stained with crystal violet (scale bar = 200 μm). d Cell cycle progression of HepG2 cells after treatment with R. stricta extract at a dose of 30 μg over a period of 48 h. e Quantitative distribution of HepG2 cells in different phases of the cell cycle at different time intervals (*P < 0.05) f Immunoblot analysis of cell cycle regulatory proteins in HepG2 cells after treatment with R. stricta extract at a dose of 30 μg over a period of 48 h