Fig. 3

Effects of TAU-CL, AZA, and their combination on spermatogenesis indices in the seminiferous tubules; STD, EH, TDI %, RI%, SPI%, PAS optical density, Collagen fiber area (%). a; Seminiferous tubule diameter (STD) and Epithelial height (EH), b; Tubular differentiation index (TDI %), Repopulation index (RI%) and Spermiogenesis index (SPI%), and c; Area of collagen fiber (%) and Periodic acid Schiff reaction (PAS) optical density in the experimental groups; Control, TAU-CL, AZA, TAU-CL/AZA. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM, and data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post hoc multiple comparison test (n = 10). Differences between groups were considered statistically significant at P ≤ 0.05. a Significant values versus group control, (b) Significant values versus AZA group. STD: Seminiferous tubule diameter, EH: Epithelial height, TDI: Tubular differentiation index, RI: Repopulation index, SPI: Spermiogenesis index, PAS: Periodic acid Schiff reaction